The detection of gravitational waves (GW) with an electromagnetic counterpart enabled the first Hubble Constant H0 measurement through the standard siren method. Current constraints suggest that ∼20−30% of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA (LVK) Binary Black Hole (BBH) mergers might occur in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) disks. The claim for a possible association of several BBH mergers with flaring AGNs suggests that cosmological analyses using BBH and AGNs might be promising. We explore standard siren analyses through a method that takes into account the presence of background flaring AGNs, without requiring a unique host galaxy identification, and apply it to realistic GW simulations. Depending on the fraction of LVK BBHs that induce flares, we expect to constrain H0 at the ∼6−7% (∼4−5%) precision with ∼2−3 years or ∼160−240 events (∼1 year or 500 events) of LVK at design (A+) sensitivity, assuming that systematic BBH follow-up searches are performed. %Assuming a more restrictive Ωm prior and that at least 20% of BBHs produces detectable flares, we may reach a 3% (2%) precision in H0 after 2 (1) year of LVK at design (A+) sensitivity. We also show that in a scenario where only ∼1% of the BBHs induce detectable flares it is possible to achieve an H0 precision from 7.5% to 15% with ∼240 events. In addition, a ∼5−27% precision is achievable with complete AGN catalogs and 1 year of LVK run, without the need of any flare identification.
@article{arxiv.2307.01330,
title = {Standard Siren Cosmology with Gravitational Waves from Binary Black Hole Mergers in Active Galaxy Nuclei},
author = {Clecio R. Bom and Antonella Palmese},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.01330},
year = {2024}
}