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The unprecedented dissemination of edge devices is accompanied by a growing demand for neuromorphic chips that can process time-series data natively without cloud support. Echo state network (ESN) is a class of recurrent neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Abdullah M. Zyarah , Alaa M. Abdul-Hadi , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Machine learning (ML) is widely used to model chaotic systems. Among ML approaches, echo state networks (ESNs) have received considerable attention due to their simple construction and fast training. However, ESN performance is highly…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-09 Francesco Martinuzzi

Reservoir computing, using nonlinear dynamical systems, offers a cost-effective alternative to neural networks for complex tasks involving processing of sequential data, time series modeling, and system identification. Echo state networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Peter J. Ehlers , Hendra I. Nurdin , Daniel Soh

To generate coherent responses, language models infer unobserved meaning from their input text sequence. One potential explanation for this capability arises from theories of delay embeddings in dynamical systems, which prove that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Mitchell Ostrow , Adam Eisen , Ila Fiete

Neuro-inspired recurrent neural network algorithms, such as echo state networks, are computationally lightweight and thereby map well onto untethered devices. The baseline echo state network algorithms are shown to be efficient in solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Zachariah Carmichael , Humza Syed , Stuart Burtner , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are recurrent neural networks that only train their output layer, thereby precluding the need to backpropagate gradients through time, which leads to significant computational gains. Nevertheless, a common issue…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Jacob Reinier Maat , Nikos Gianniotis , Pavlos Protopapas

Complex nonlinear dynamics are ubiquitous in many fields. Moreover, we rarely have access to all of the relevant state variables governing the dynamics. Delay embedding allows us, in principle, to account for unobserved state variables.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Uttam Bhat , Stephan B. Munch

In this paper, the echo state network (ESN) memory capacity, which represents the amount of input data an ESN can store, is analyzed for a new type of deep ESNs. In particular, two deep ESN architectures are studied. First, a parallel deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Xuanlin Liu , Mingzhe Chen , Changchuan Yin , Walid Saad

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have drawn interest from machine learning researchers because of their effectiveness at preserving past inputs for time-varying data processing tasks. To understand the success and limitations of RNNs, it is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Adam Charles , Dong Yin , Christopher Rozell

Reservoir Computing (RC) is a popular methodology for the efficient design of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Recently, the advantages of the RC approach have been extended to the context of multi-layered RNNs, with the introduction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Claudio Gallicchio , Alessio Micheli

Recognising previously visited locations is an important, but unsolved, task in autonomous navigation. Current visual place recognition (VPR) benchmarks typically challenge models to recover the position of a query image (or images) from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Anil Ozdemir , Mark Scerri , Andrew B. Barron , Andrew Philippides , Michael Mangan , Eleni Vasilaki , Luca Manneschi

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are simplified recurrent neural network models composed of a reservoir and a linear, trainable readout layer. The reservoir is tunable by some hyper-parameters that control the network behaviour. ESNs are known to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Pietro Verzelli , Lorenzo Livi , Cesare Alippi

Takens' Embedding Theorem remarkably established that concatenating M previous outputs of a dynamical system into a vector (called a delay coordinate map) can be a one-to-one mapping of a low-dimensional attractor from the system state…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Han Lun Yap , Christopher J. Rozell

Prediction based on Irregularly Sampled Time Series (ISTS) is of wide concern in the real-world applications. For more accurate prediction, the methods had better grasp more data characteristics. Different from ordinary time series, ISTS is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Chenxi Sun , Shenda Hong , Moxian Song , Yanxiu Zhou , Yongyue Sun , Derun Cai , Hongyan Li

We present neural machine translation (NMT) models inspired by echo state network (ESN), named Echo State NMT (ESNMT), in which the encoder and decoder layer weights are randomly generated then fixed throughout training. We show that even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Ankush Garg , Yuan Cao , Qi Ge

We propose an approximation of Echo State Networks (ESN) that can be efficiently implemented on digital hardware based on the mathematics of hyperdimensional computing. The reservoir of the proposed integer Echo State Network (intESN) is a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Denis Kleyko , E. Paxon Frady , Mansour Kheffache , Evgeny Osipov

This paper investigates the performance of Echo State Networks (ESNs) for univariate time series forecasting using a subset of the M4 Forecasting Competition dataset. Focusing on monthly and quarterly time series, we evaluate whether a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Alexander Häußer

Echo state networks (ESNs) have been recently proved to be universal approximants for input/output systems with respect to various $L ^p$-type criteria. When $1\leq p< \infty$, only $p$-integrability hypotheses need to be imposed, while in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Lukas Gonon , Juan-Pablo Ortega

We propose a physics-informed Echo State Network (ESN) to predict the evolution of chaotic systems. Compared to conventional ESNs, the physics-informed ESNs are trained to solve supervised learning tasks while ensuring that their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-06-28 Nguyen Anh Khoa Doan , Wolfgang Polifke , Luca Magri

What is a neural model with minimum architectural complexity that exhibits reasonable language learning capability? To explore such a simple but sufficient neural language model, we revisit a basic reservoir computing (RC) model, Echo State…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ryo Ueda , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Shunsuke Kando , Kentaro Inui