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This text is based on a series of three expository lectures on a variety of topics related to "thin orbits," as delivered at Durham University's Easter School on "Dynamics and Analytic Number Theory" in April 2014. The first lecture reviews…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Alex Kontorovich

The emergence and continued reliance on the Internet and related technologies has resulted in the generation of large amounts of data that can be made available for analyses. However, humans do not possess the cognitive capabilities to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 MohammadNoor Injadat , Abdallah Moubayed , Ali Bou Nassif , Abdallah Shami

We provide an overview of recent progress in statistical inverse problems with random experimental design, covering both linear and nonlinear inverse problems. Different regularization schemes have been studied to produce robust and stable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Abhishake , Tapio Helin , Nicole Mücke

Algebras of ultradifferentiable generalized functions are introduced. We give a microlocal analysis within these algebras related to the regularity type and the ultradifferentiable property.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-02-22 Khaled Benmeriem , Chikh Bouzar

Computational micromagnetics has become an indispensable tool for the theoretical investigation of magnetic structures. Classical micromagnetics has been successfully applied to a wide range of applications including magnetic storage media,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-05-29 Claas Abert

Inverse optimal control problem emerges in different practical applications, where the goal is to design a cost function in order to approximate given optimal strategies of an expert. Typical application is in robotics for generation of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Frédéric Jean , Sofya Maslovskaya

These are expanded notes of a two-semester course on Lie groups and Lie algebras given by the author at MIT.

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Pavel Etingof

Inverse problems arise anywhere we have indirect measurement. As, in general they are ill-posed, to obtain satisfactory solutions for them needs prior knowledge. Classically, different regularization methods and Bayesian inference based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-31 Ali Mohammad-Djafari , Ning Chu , Li Wang , Liang Yu

These lecture notes concern information-theoretic notions of entropy. They are intended for, and have been successfully taught to, undergraduate students interested inresearch careers. Besides basic notions of analysis related to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 Vojkan Jaksic

This is an expanded version of the author's lecture at the Conference in Commutative Algebra and Algebraic Geometry in Messina Italy in June 1999. The purpose of the talk was to give a brief introduction to the subject of tight closure,…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Karen E. Smith

We discuss the use of inequalities to obtain the solution of certain variational problems on time scales.

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-11-05 Martin J. Bohner , Rui A. C. Ferreira , Delfim F. M. Torres

Classical multiscale analysis based on wavelets has a number of successful applications, e.g. in data compression, fast algorithms, and noise removal. Wavelets, however, are adapted to point singularities, and many phenomena in several…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 David L. Donoho

Inverse problems, where in broad sense the task is to learn from the noisy response about some unknown function, usually represented as the argument of some known functional form, has received wide attention in the general scientific…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-24 Debashis Chatterjee , Sourabh Bhattacharya

Local solutions for variational and quasi-variational inequalities are usually the best type of solutions that could practically be obtained when in case of lack of convexity or else when available numerical techniques are too limited for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-16 Didier Aussel , Parin Chaipunya

Sobolev wavefront sets and $2$-microlocal spaces play a key role in describing and analyzing the singularities of distributions in microlocal analysis and solutions of partial differential equations. Employing the continuous shearlet…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-12 Bin Han , Swaraj Paul , Niraj K. Shukla

Machine Learning (ML) methods and tools have gained great success in many data, signal, image and video processing tasks, such as classification, clustering, object detection, semantic segmentation, language processing, Human-Machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ali Mohammad-Djafari , Ning Chu , Li Wang , Liang Yu

In many tasks, in particular in natural science, the goal is to determine hidden system parameters from a set of measurements. Often, the forward process from parameter- to measurement-space is a well-defined function, whereas the inverse…

We study inverse problems of reconstructing static and dynamic discrete structures from tomographic data (with a special focus on the `classical' task of reconstructing finite point sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$). The main emphasis is on recent…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Andreas Alpers , Peter Gritzmann

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) infers a reward function from demonstrations, allowing for policy improvement and generalization. However, despite much recent interest in IRL, little work has been done to understand the minimum set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great performance in few-shot In-Context Learning (ICL) for a variety of generative and discriminative chemical design tasks. The newly expanded context windows of LLMs can further improve ICL…