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The origin of the mass scaling relation between supermassive black holes (SMBHs, $M_{\rm BH}$) and galaxies ($M_*$) remains a key open question. Rather than invoking AGN feedback, a non-causal mechanism has been proposed in which multiple…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-10 Takumi S. Tanaka , John D. Silverman , Kazuhiro Shimasaku , Knud Jahnke , Junyao Li , Makoto Ando

We develop a semi-analytic model to explore different prescriptions of supermassive black hole (SMBH) fuelling. This model utilises a merger-triggered burst mode in concert with two possible implementations of a long-lived steady mode for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-27 Angelo Ricarte , Priyamvada Natarajan

We present an analysis of the instantaneous supermassive black hole (SMBH) accretion rates in a collection of 1563 post-merger galaxies drawn from the IllustrisTNG simulation. Our sample consists of galaxies that have experienced a merger…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-28 Shoshannah Byrne-Mamahit , Maan Hani , Sara Ellison , Salvatore Quai , David Patton

Nuclear star clusters surrounding supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei contain large numbers of stars, black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs), a fraction of which are likely to form binaries. These binaries were suggested…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-06-19 Giacomo Fragione , Evgeni Grishin , Nathan W. C. Leigh , Hagai. B. Perets , Rosalba Perna

In this paper we consider a scenario where the currently observed hypervelocity stars in our Galaxy have been ejected from the Galactic center as a result of dynamical interactions with an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) orbiting the…

Understanding the formation of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) present in the centers of galaxies is a crucial topic in modern astrophysics. Observations have detected the SMBHs with mass $M$ of $10^{9}\, \rm M_\odot$ in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-02 Chi-Hong Lin , Ke-Jung Chen , Chorng-Yuan Hwang

The remnants of galaxy mergers may host multiple off-nuclear massive black holes (MBHs), some of which may wander indefinitely within the host galaxy halos. Tracing the population of offset MBHs is essential for understanding how the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-15 R. Scott Barrows , Julia M. Comerford

The interplay between the accretion of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the stellar mass growth of the host galaxies is still a matter of hot debate. The accretion of the SMBHs is expected to release energy under the form of AGNs. This…

We investigate the connection between galaxy--galaxy mergers and enhanced black hole (BH) growth using the cosmological hydrodynamical EAGLE simulation. We do this via three methods of analysis, investigating: the merger fraction of AGN,…

We study supermassive black holes (BHs) in merging galaxies, using a suite of hydrodynamical simulations with very high spatial (~10 pc) and temporal (~1 Myr) resolution, where we vary the initial mass ratio, the orbital configuration, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Pedro R. Capelo , Marta Volonteri , Massimo Dotti , Jillian M. Bellovary , Lucio Mayer , Fabio Governato

Despite recent observational efforts, unequivocal signs for the presence of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in globular clusters (GCs) have not been found yet. Especially when the presence of IMBHs is constrained through dynamical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-06 Ruggero de Vita , Michele Trenti , Morgan MacLeod

The study of galaxy mergers and supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) is central to our understanding of the galaxy and black hole assembly and (co-)evolution at the epoch of structure formation and throughout cosmic history. Galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-22 S. Komossa , J. G. Baker , F. K. Liu

Recent observations indicate that the mass of Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs) correlate differently with different galaxy stellar components. Comparing such observations with the results of "ab initio" galaxy formation models can provide…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-26 Nicola Menci , Fabrizio Fiore , Angela Bongiorno , Alessandra Lamastra

We use semi-analytic models implemented in the Millennium Simulation to analyze the merging histories of dark matter haloes and of the galaxies that reside in them. We assume that supermassive black holes only exist in galaxies that have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lan Wang , Guinevere Kauffmann

Understanding how seed black holes grow into intermediate and supermassive black holes (IMBHs and SMBHs, respectively) has important implications for the duty-cycle of active galactic nuclei (AGN), galaxy evolution, and gravitational wave…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Miroslav Micic , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann , Steinn Sigurdsson , Tom Abel

Recently, an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) candidate was announced in the Galactic globular cluster Omega Centauri. IMBHs at the lower end of the traditional mass range have also been detected through gravitational-wave transients,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-02 Miguel A. S. Martinez , Elena González Prieto , Frederic A. Rasio

A supermassive black hole (SMBH) ejected from the potential well of its host galaxy via gravitational wave recoil carries important information about the mass ratio and spin alignment of the pre-merger SMBH binary. Such a recoiling SMBH may…

In a star cluster with a sufficiently large escape velocity, black holes (BHs) that are produced by BH mergers can be retained, dynamically form new BH binaries, and merge again. This process can repeat several times and lead to significant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-17 Fabio Antonini , Mark Gieles , Alessia Gualandris

The empirical model of Lu et al. 2014a for the relation between star formation rate and halo mass growth is adopted to predict the classical bulge mass ($M_{\rm cb}$) - total stellar mass ($M_\star$) relation for central galaxies. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Zhankui Lu , H. J. Mo

Accretion is thought to primarily contribute to the mass accumulation history of supermassive black holes throughout cosmic time. While this may be true at high redshifts, at lower redshifts and for the most massive black holes mergers…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-26 Andrea Kulier , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , Priyamvada Natarajan , Claire N. Lackner , Renyue Cen