Related papers: Stabilized Pair Density Wave via Nanoscale Confine…
Confinement of superfluid $^3$He on length scales comparable to the radial size of the p-wave Cooper pairs can greatly alter the phase diagram by stabilizing broken symmetry phases not observed in bulk $^3$He. We consider superfluid $^3$He…
Recent advances in experiment and theory suggest that superfluid $^3$He under planar confinement may form a pair density wave (PDW) whereby superfluid and crystalline orders coexist. While a natural candidate for this phase is a…
We review recent experiments in which superfluid $^3$He has been studied under highly controlled confinement in nanofluidic sample chambers. We discuss the experimental challenges and their resolution. These methods open the way to a…
In superfluid $^3$He-B confined in a slab geometry, domain walls between regions of different order parameter orientation are predicted to be energetically stable. Formation of the spatially-modulated superfluid stripe phase has been…
Predictions and discoveries of new phases of superfluid $^3$He in confined geometries, as well as novel topological excitations confined to surfaces and edges of near a bounding surface of $^3$He, are driving the fields of superfluid $^3$He…
Thin films of superfluid $^3$He were predicted, based on weak-coupling BCS theory, to have a stable phase which spontaneously breaks translational symmetry in the plane of the film. This crystalline superfluid, or "stripe" phase, develops…
Liquid $^3$He confined in low-density, highly porous random solids such as silica aerogel provides tuneable systems to study the effects of disorder and confinement on the properties of a quantum liquid. New superfluid phases result from…
Pair-density-wave (PDW) states are a long-sought-after phase of quantum materials, with the potential to unravel the mysteries of high-$T_c$ cuprates and other strongly correlated superconductors. Yet, surprisingly, a key signature of…
We report results of experiments with liquid $^3$He confined in a high porosity anisotropic nanostructure which we call planar aerogel. This aerogel consists of nanofibers (with diameters $\sim10$ nm) which are randomly oriented in the…
The symmetry-breaking first-order phase transition between superfluid phases $^3$He-A and $^3$He-B can be triggered extrinsically by ionising radiation or heterogeneous nucleation arising from the details of the sample cell construction.…
Using an effective field theory we study the low-lying bosonic excitations and their couplings to phonons at ultrasonic frequencies in superfluid $^3$He-B under strong confinement. We show that confinement induces a rich spectrum of…
Anisotropic pair breaking close to surfaces favors the chiral A phase of the superfluid $^3$He over the time-reversal invariant B phase. Confining the superfluid $^3$He into a cavity of height $D$ of the order of the Cooper pair size…
Stimulated by the results of NMR experiments with superfluid $^3$He in "nematically ordered" aerogel [1] we report on the results of phenomenological analysis of stability of different phases of superfluid $^3$He subjected to a strong…
We report theoretical results for the stability of half-quantum vortices (HQVs) in the superfluid phases of $^3$He confined in highly anisotropic Nafen aerogel. Superfluidity of $^3$He confined in Nafen is the realization of a "nematic…
Measurements of superfluid $^3$He in 98% aerogel demonstrate the existence of a metastable \emph{A}-like phase and a stable \emph{B}-like phase. It has been suggested that the relative stability of these two phases is controlled by…
We study ultracold fermionic atoms trapped in an optical lattice with harmonic confinement by means of the dynamical mean-field approximation. It is demonstrated that a supersolid state, where an s-wave superfluid coexists with a…
Topological superfluid $^3$He, with unconventional spin-triplet p-wave pairing, provides a model system for topological superconductors, which have attracted significant interest through potential applications in topologically protected…
The influence of confinement on the topological phases of superfluid 3He is studied using the torsional pendulum method. We focus on the phase transition between the chiral A-phase and the time-reversal-invariant B-phase, motivated by the…
We theoretically investigate pairing states of the spin-triplet p-wave superfluid 3He confined in narrow cylinders. The surface-induced distortion and the multiple internal degrees of freedom of the order parameter lead to the occurrence of…
Superfluidity in $^3$He exhibits many unique properties that are of interest to modern condensed matter research, including multiple superfluid phase transitions, topological defects, and exotic classes of excitations like Majorana and Weyl…