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In the paper, we present QCD predictions for $\eta_{c} + \gamma$ production at an electron-position collider up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy without renormalization scale ambiguities. The NNLO total cross-section for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-24 Huai-Min Yu , Wen-Long Sang , Xu-Dong Huang , Jun Zeng , Xing-Gang Wu , Stanley J. Brodsky

We identify a property of renormalizable SU(N)/U(1) gauge theories, the intrinsic Conformality ($iCF$), which underlies the scale invariance of physical observables and leads to a remarkably efficient method to solve the conventional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-15 Leonardo Di Giustino , Stanley J. Brodsky , Sheng-Quan Wang , Xing-Gang Wu

The Principle of Maximal Conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to set the renormalization scales order-by-order for any perturbative QCD process. The resulting predictions are independent of the choice of renormalization scheme, a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-05-17 Jian-Ming Shen , Xing-Gang Wu , Yang Ma , Stanley J. Brodsky

The Principle of Maximal Conformality (PMC) provides a rigorous method for eliminating renormalization scheme-and-scale ambiguities for perturbative QCD predictions. The PMC uses the renormalization group equation to fix the $\beta$-pattern…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-05-15 Jian-Ming Shen , Xing-Gang Wu , Bo-Lun Du , Stanley J. Brodsky

It has been observed that conventional renormalization scheme and scale ambiguities for the pQCD predictions can be eliminated by using the principle of maximum conformality (PMC). However, being the intrinsic nature of any perturbative…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-18 Qing Yu , Hua Zhou , Jiang Yan , Xu-Dong Huang , Xing-Gang Wu

We compute the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to the six most important event shape variables related to three-particle final states in electron-positron annihilation. The corrections are sizeable for all variables,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-02-02 A. Gehrmann-De Ridder , T. Gehrmann , E. W. N. Glover , G. Heinrich

The {\it Principle of Maximum Conformality} (PMC), which generalizes the conventional Gell-Mann-Low method for scale-setting in perturbative QED to non-Abelian QCD, provides a rigorous method for achieving unambiguous scheme-independent,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-21 Xu-Dong Huang , Jiang Yan , Hong-Hao Ma , Leonardo Di Giustino , Jian-Ming Shen , Xing-Gang Wu , Stanley J. Brodsky

In this paper, we reanalyze the top-quark pair production at the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD at future $e^+e^-$ colliders by using the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) method. The PMC renormalization scales in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-06 Jin Ma , Sheng-Quan Wang , Ting Sun , Jian-Ming Shen , Xing-Gang Wu

The principle of maximum conformality (PMC) provides a convenient way for setting the optimal renormalization scales for high-energy processes, which can eliminate the conventional renormalization scale error via an order-by-order manner.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-06-05 Sheng-Quan Wang , Xing-Gang Wu , Xu-Chang Zheng , Gu Chen , Jian-Ming Shen

A major contribution to the uncertainty of finite-order perturbative QCD predictions is the perceived ambiguity in setting the renormalization scale $\mu_r$. For example, by using the conventional way of setting $\mu_r \in [m_t/2,2m_t]$,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-05-22 Stanley J. Brodsky , Xing-Gang Wu

In the present paper, we make a detailed analysis for the QCD corrections to the electroweak $\rho$ parameter by applying the principle of maximum conformality (PMC). As a comparison, we show that under the conventional scale setting, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-06-04 Sheng-Quan Wang , Xing-Gang Wu , Jian-Ming Shen , Hua-Yong Han , Yang Ma

The QCD coupling $\alpha_s$ is the most important parameter for achieving precise QCD predictions. By using the well measured effective coupling $\alpha^{g_1}_{s}(Q)$ defined from the Bjorken sum rules as a basis, we suggest a novel and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-06-22 Qing Yu , Hua Zhou , Xu-Dong Huang , Jian-Ming Shen , Xing-Gang Wu

In this paper, we clarify a serious misinterpretation and consequent misuse of the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC), which also can be served as a mini review of PMC. We emphasize that the purpose of the PMC is to achieve precise…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-03 Jiang Yan , Stanley J. Brodsky , Leonardo Di Giustino , Philip G. Ratcliffe , Sheng-Quan Wang , Xing-Gang Wu

We show results for Thrust and C-parameter in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation to 3 jets obtained using the recently developed new method for eliminating the scale ambiguity and the scheme dependence in pQCD namely the Infinite-Order Scale-Setting…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-12 Leonardo Di Giustino , Stanley J. Brodsky , Xing-Gang Wu , Sheng-Quan Wang

The rare exclusive decay of the Higgs boson $H \to J/\psi + \gamma$ is an important channel for measuring the Yukawa coupling of the charm quark. In this article, we analyze the process by employing the Principle of Maximum Conformality…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-02 Wen-Yuan Li , Sheng-Quan Wang , Jian-Ming Shen , Hua Zhou , Xing-Gang Wu , Leonardo Di Giustino

The Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) provides a systematic and process-independent method to derive renormalization scheme- and scale- independent fixed-order pQCD predictions. In Ref.\cite{pmc3}, we studied the top-quark charge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-12-31 Sheng-Quan Wang , Xing-Gang Wu , Zong-Guo Si , Stanley J. Brodsky

The QCD running coupling $\alpha_s(Q^2)$ sets the strength of the interactions of quarks and gluons as a function of the momentum transfer $Q$. The $Q^2$ dependence of the coupling is required to describe hadronic interactions at both large…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-04-07 A. Deur , S. J. Brodsky , G. F. de Teramond

We propose a novel method to determine the strong coupling of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and fix its running behavior at all scales by using the Bjorken sum rules (BSR). The BSR defines an effective coupling $\alpha^{g_1}_s(Q)$ which…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-28 Qing Yu , Xing-Gang Wu , Hua Zhou , Jian-Ming Shen

We present a discussion on how to define the running electromagnetic coupling constant at $M_Z$ or some other intermediate scale as e.g. $m_\Upsilon$. We argue that a natural definition consistent with general requirements of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-07-19 J. G. Koerner , A. A. Pivovarov , K. Schilcher

We present the first determination of the strong coupling constant from a fit of next-to-next-to-leading order QCD predictions to event-shape variables, measured in $e^+e^-$ annihilations at LEP. The data have been collected by the ALEPH…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-12-30 G. Dissertori , A. Gehrmann-De Ridder , T. Gehrmann , E. W. N. Glover , G. Heinrich , H. Stenzel