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Centaurs are small bodies orbiting in the giant planet region which were scattered inwards from their source populations beyond Neptune. Some members of the population display comet-like activity during their transition through the solar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-30 Eva Lilly , Henry Hsieh , James Bauer , Jordan Steckloff , Peter Jevčák , Robert Weryk , Richard J. Wainscoat , Charles Schambeau

The first interstellar object, `Oumuamua, was discovered in the Solar System by Pan-STARRS in 2017, allowing for a calibration of the abundance of interstellar objects of its size and an estimation of the subset of objects trapped by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 Amir Siraj , Abraham Loeb

Recent observations of small bodies of the Solar System showed evidence of the presence of refractory (asteroidal) material in the Oort cloud. Different models of the origin of the Solar System predict different numbers of rocky objects in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-07 Vitalii Kuksenko , Juraj Tóth

All surveys include observational biases, which makes it impossible to directly compare properties of discovered trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) with dynamical models. However, by carefully keeping track of survey pointings on the sky,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 S. M. Lawler , JJ. Kavelaars , M. Alexandersen , M. T. Bannister , B. Gladman , J. -M. Petit , C. Shankman

We perform a combined analysis of stellar kinematics and line-of-sight accelerations of millisecond pulsars to investigate the mass contents of Omega Centauri. We consider multiple mass components: the visible photometric distribution, a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-15 Andrés Bañares-Hernández , Francesca Calore , Jorge Martin Camalich , Justin I. Read

The Kepler survey provides a statistical census of planetary systems out to the habitable zone. Because most planets are non-transiting, orbital architectures are best estimated using simulated observations of ensemble populations. Here, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-11 Gijs D. Mulders , Ilaria Pascucci , Daniel Apai , Fred J. Ciesla

The ISOPHOT Serendipity Survey (ISOSS) covered approximately 15 % of the sky at a wavelength of 170 micron while the ISO satellite was slewing from one target to the next. By chance ISOSS slews went over many solar system objects (SSOs). We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. G. Mueller , S. Hotzel , M. Stickel

We lay out and apply methods to use proper motions of individual kinematic tracers for estimating the dynamical mass of star clusters. We first describe a simple projected mass estimator and then develop an approach that evaluates directly…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 R. D'Souza , Hans-Walter Rix

The Centaurs are a transient population of small bodies in the outer solar system whose orbits are strongly chaotic. These objects typically suffer significant changes of orbital parameters on timescales of a few thousand years, and their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 B. L. Bailey , Renu Malhotra

Following our identification of the probable interstellar origin of high-inclination Centaurs, Morbidelli et al. (2020) issued a rebuttal criticizing our methods and conclusions. Here, we show that the criticism is unfounded. Entropy's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-23 Fathi Namouni , Maria Helena Moreira Morais

We present the results of a wide-field survey using the 1.2-m Samuel Oschin Telescope at Palomar Observatory. This survey was designed to find the most distant members of the Kuiper belt and beyond. We searched ~12,000 deg2 down to a mean…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Megan E. Schwamb , Michael E. Brown , David L. Rabinowitz , Darin Ragozzine

We numerically study the dynamical evolution of observed samples of active and inactive Centaurs and clones that reach the Jupiter-Saturn region. Our aim is to compare the evolution between active and inactive Centaurs, their end states and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Julio A. Fernández , Michel Helal , Tabaré Gallardo

The Dwarf Planet Ceres revealed the presence of ammonia and other unique properties compared to other asteroids in the main belt which suggests that it was not formed in situ. We model the early dynamical evolution of the outer Solar System…

We discuss the detection in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) of two objects in Neptune's distant 9:1 mean motion resonance at semimajor axis $a\approx~130$~au. Both objects are securely resonant on 10~Myr timescales, with one…

Centaurs are the transitional population between trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and Jupiter-family comets. For this reason it is possible to access the smaller ones, which is more difficult to do with the TNO population. The goal of this…

We derived 90% confidence limits (CL) on the interstellar number density ($\rho_{IS}^{CL}$) of interstellar objects (ISO; comets and asteroids) as a function of the slope of their size-frequency distribution and limiting absolute magnitude.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Toni Engelhardt , Robert Jedicke , Peter Veres , Alan Fitzsimmons , Larry Denneau , Ed Beshore , Bonnie Meinke

We present a deep I,Z photometric survey covering a total area of 1.12 deg^{2} of the Sigma Orionis cluster (Icompl=22 and Zcompl=21.5mag). From I, I-Z color-magnitude diagrams we have selected 153 candidates that fit the previously known…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 V. J. S. Béjar , M. R. Zapatero Osorio , R. Rebolo , J. A. Caballero , D. Barrado , E. L. Martín , R. Mundt , C. A. L. Bailer-Jones

1I/'Oumuamua (or 1I) and 2I/Borisov (or 2I), the first InterStellar Objects (ISOs) discovered passing through the solar system, have opened up entirely new areas of exobody research. Finding additional ISOs and planning missions to…

The Centaurs are recent escapees from the Kuiper belt that are destined either to meet fiery oblivion in the hot inner regions of the Solar system or to be ejected to the interstellar medium by gravitational scattering from the giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 David Jewitt

The study of the surface properties of Centaurs and Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) provides essential information about the early conditions and evolution of the outer Solar System. Due to the faintness of most of these distant and icy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-15 D. Perna , M. A. Barucci , S. Fornasier , F. E. DeMeo , A. Alvarez-Candal , F. Merlin , E. Dotto , A. Doressoundiram , C. de Bergh