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Despite their popularity in the chatbot literature, retrieval-based models have had modest impact on task-oriented dialogue systems, with the main obstacle to their application being the low-data regime of most task-oriented dialogue tasks.…

Robust coordination is critical for effective decision-making in multi-agent systems, especially under partial observability. A central question in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is whether to engineer communication protocols or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Brennen A. Hill , Mant Koh En Wei , Thangavel Jishnuanandh

An important aspect of developing conversational agents is to give a bot the ability to improve through communicating with humans and to learn from the mistakes that it makes. Most research has focused on learning from fixed training sets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Jiwei Li , Alexander H. Miller , Sumit Chopra , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Jason Weston

Amid the rapid rise of agentic dialogue models, realistic user-simulator studies are essential for tuning effective conversation strategies. This work investigates a sales-oriented agent that adapts its dialogue based on user profiles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Wen-Yu Chang , Tzu-Hung Huang , Chih-Ho Chen , Yun-Nung Chen

Large Language Models are reshaping task automation, yet remain limited in complex, multi-step real-world tasks that require aligning with vague user intent and enabling dynamic user override. From a formative study with 12 participants, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yuan Xu , Shaowen Xiang , Yizhi Song , Ruoting Sun , Xin Tong

One of the main goals of robotics and intelligent agent research is to enable natural communication with humans in physically situated settings. While recent work has focused on verbal modes such as language and speech, non-verbal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Anna Deichler , Siyang Wang , Simon Alexanderson , Jonas Beskow

Dialogue policy optimization often obtains feedback until task completion in task-oriented dialogue systems. This is insufficient for training intermediate dialogue turns since supervision signals (or rewards) are only provided at the end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Xinting Huang , Jianzhong Qi , Yu Sun , Rui Zhang

We propose a method that allows to develop shared understanding between two agents for the purpose of performing a task that requires cooperation. Our method focuses on efficiently establishing successful task-oriented communication in an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Nikolaos Kondylidis , Ilaria Tiddi , Annette ten Teije

Testing conversational AI systems at scale across diverse domains necessitates realistic and diverse user interactions capturing a wide array of behavioral patterns. We present a novel multi-agent framework for realistic, explainable human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hareeshwar Karthikeyan

In this paper, we introduce a robotic agent specifically designed to analyze external environments and address participants' questions. The primary focus of this agent is to assist individuals using language-based interactions within…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Haozheng Luo , Ruiyang Qin , Chenwei Xu , Guo Ye , Zening Luo

This paper is concerned with the training of recurrent neural networks as goal-oriented dialog agents using reinforcement learning. Training such agents with policy gradients typically requires a large amount of samples. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Rui Zhao , Volker Tresp

We describe a system for building task-oriented dialogue systems combining the in-context learning abilities of large language models (LLMs) with the deterministic execution of business logic. LLMs are used to translate between the surface…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Tom Bocklisch , Thomas Werkmeister , Daksh Varshneya , Alan Nichol

We propose the first framework to learn control policies for vision-based human-to-robot handovers, a critical task for human-robot interaction. While research in Embodied AI has made significant progress in training robot agents in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Sammy Christen , Wei Yang , Claudia Pérez-D'Arpino , Otmar Hilliges , Dieter Fox , Yu-Wei Chao

Creating effective and reliable task-oriented dialog systems (ToDSs) is challenging, not only because of the complex structure of these systems, but also due to the scarcity of training data, especially when several modules need to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Christos Vlachos , Themos Stafylakis , Ion Androutsopoulos

The goal-oriented document-grounded dialogue aims at responding to the user query based on the dialogue context and supporting document. Existing studies tackle this problem by decomposing it into two sub-tasks: knowledge identification and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Chang Gao , Wenxuan Zhang , Wai Lam

As single-task accuracy on individual language and image tasks has improved substantially in the last few years, the long-term goal of a generally skilled agent that can both see and talk becomes more feasible to explore. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Da Ju , Kurt Shuster , Y-Lan Boureau , Jason Weston

We present an effective system adapted from the end-to-end neural coreference resolution model, targeting on the task of anaphora resolution in dialogues. Three aspects are specifically addressed in our approach, including the support of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Liyan Xu , Jinho D. Choi

In this work we propose a novel end-to-end imitation learning approach which combines natural language, vision, and motion information to produce an abstract representation of a task, which in turn is used to synthesize specific motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Mariano Phielipp , Chitta Baral , Heni Ben Amor

When developing reinforcement learning agents, the standard approach is to train an agent to converge to a fixed policy that is as close to optimal as possible for a single fixed reward function. If different agent behaviour is required in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-29 David O'Callaghan , Patrick Mannion

Successful negotiators must learn how to balance optimizing for self-interest and cooperation. Yet current artificial negotiation agents often heavily depend on the quality of the static datasets they were trained on, limiting their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Minae Kwon , Siddharth Karamcheti , Mariano-Florentino Cuellar , Dorsa Sadigh