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Machine learning offers potential solutions to current issues in industrial systems in areas such as quality control and predictive maintenance, but also faces unique barriers in industrial applications. An ongoing challenge is extreme…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Lesley Wheat , Martin v. Mohrenschildt , Saeid Habibi

With increased reliance on Internet based technologies, cyberattacks compromising users' sensitive data are becoming more prevalent. The scale and frequency of these attacks are escalating rapidly, affecting systems and devices connected to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Rahul Kale , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Anomaly detection is a method for discovering unusual and suspicious behavior. In many real-world scenarios, the examined events can be directly linked to the actions of an adversary, such as attacks on computer networks or frauds in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Olga Petrova , Karel Durkota , Galina Alperovich , Karel Horak , Michal Najman , Branislav Bosansky , Viliam Lisy

Anomaly detection aims at identifying unexpected fluctuations in the expected behavior of a given system. It is acknowledged as a reliable answer to the identification of zero-day attacks to such extent, several ML algorithms that suit for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Tommaso Zoppi , Andrea ceccarelli , Tommaso Capecchi , Andrea Bondavalli

Various approaches in the field of physical layer security involve anomaly detection, such as physical layer authentication, sensing attacks, and anti-tampering solutions. Depending on the context in which these approaches are applied,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Stefan Roth , Aydin Sezgin

Medical anomaly detection aims to identify abnormal findings using only normal training data, playing a crucial role in health screening and recognizing rare diseases. Reconstruction-based methods, particularly those utilizing autoencoders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Yu Cai , Hao Chen , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Anomaly detection has a wide range of applications and is especially important in industrial quality inspection. Currently, many top-performing anomaly-detection models rely on feature-embedding methods. However, these methods do not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Shiqi Deng , Zhiyu Sun , Ruiyan Zhuang , Jun Gong

Autoencoders have been extensively used in the development of recent anomaly detection techniques. The premise of their application is based on the notion that after training the autoencoder on normal training data, anomalous inputs will…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Amin Ghafourian , Huanyi Shui , Devesh Upadhyay , Rajesh Gupta , Dimitar Filev , Iman Soltani Bozchalooi

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are widely used in industry, and their security and stability are very important. Once the ICS is attacked, it may cause serious damage. Therefore, it is very important to detect anomalies in ICSs. ICS can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Dongyang Zhan , Wenqi Zhang , Lin Ye , Xiangzhan Yu , Hongli Zhang , Zheng He

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are widely used and vital to industry and society. Their failure can have severe impact on both economics and human life. Hence, these systems have become an attractive target for attacks, both physical and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Moshe Kravchik , Asaf Shabtai

Traditional intrusion detection systems (IDSs) often rely on either network traffic or process data, but this single-source approach may miss complex attack patterns that span multiple layers within industrial control systems (ICSs) or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Vegard Berge , Chunlei Li

Most of the existing methods for anomaly detection use only positive data to learn the data distribution, thus they usually need a pre-defined threshold at the detection stage to determine whether a test instance is an outlier.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Kai Tian , Shuigeng Zhou , Jianping Fan , Jihong Guan

Adversarial example detection is known to be an effective adversarial defense method. Black-box attack, which is a more realistic threat and has led to various black-box adversarial training-based defense methods, however, does not attract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Yifei Gao , Zhiyu Lin , Yunfan Yang , Jitao Sang

Due to the growing amount of data from in-situ sensors in wastewater systems, it becomes necessary to automatically identify abnormal behaviours and ensure high data quality. This paper proposes an anomaly detection method based on a deep…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-09 Stefania Russo , Andy Disch , Frank Blumensaat , Kris Villez

Reconstruction attacks and defenses are essential in understanding the data leakage problem in machine learning. However, prior work has centered around empirical observations of gradient inversion attacks, lacks theoretical grounding, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Sheng Liu , Zihan Wang , Yuxiao Chen , Qi Lei

Detecting abnormal nodes from attributed networks is of great importance in many real applications, such as financial fraud detection and cyber security. This task is challenging due to both the complex interactions between the anomalous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Jiaqiang Zhang , Senzhang Wang , Songcan Chen

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its integration with backbone networks have heightened the risk of security breaches. Traditional centralized approaches to anomaly detection, which require transferring large volumes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Devashish Chaudhary , Sutharshan Rajasegarar , Shiva Raj Pokhrel , Lei Pan , Ruby D

Sensor systems are extremely popular today and vulnerable to sensor data attacks. Due to possible devastating consequences, counteracting sensor data attacks is an extremely important topic, which has not seen sufficient study. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xubin Fang , Rick S. Blum , Ramesh Bharadwaj , Brian M. Sadler

Anomaly detection holds considerable industrial significance, especially in scenarios with limited anomalous data. Currently, reconstruction-based and unsupervised representation-based approaches are the primary focus. However, unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Xiao Jin , Liang Diao , Qixin Xiao , Yifan Hu , Ziqi Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Haisong Gu

Anomaly detection with convolutional autoencoders is a popular method to search for new physics in a model-agnostic manner. These techniques are powerful, but they are still a "black box," since we do not know what high-level physical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-13 Layne Bradshaw , Spencer Chang , Bryan Ostdiek