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High contrast imaging and spectroscopy provide unique constraints for exoplanet formation models as well as for planetary atmosphere models. But this can be challenging because of the planet-to-star small angular separation and high flux…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-06 J. -R. Delorme , R. Galicher , P. Baudoz , G. Rousset , J. Mazoyer , O. Dupuis

Recently it has been proposed that a planar slab of material, for which both the permittivity and permeability have the values of -1, could bring not only the propagating fields associated with a source to a focus, but could also refocus…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 D. R. Smith , D. Schurig , Marshall Rosenbluth , S. Schultz , S. Anantha Ramakrishna , J. B. Pendry

Imaging through complex scattering media is severely limited by aberrations and scattering which obscure images and reduce resolution. Confocal and temporal gatings partly filter out multiple scattering but are severely degraded by…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-18 Yiwen Zhang , Minh Dinh , Zeyu Wang , Tianhao Zhang , Tianhang Chen , Chia Wei Hsu

The inversion of a diffraction pattern offers aberration-free diffraction-limited 3D images without the resolution and depth-of-field limitations of lens-based tomographic systems, the only limitation being radiation damage. We review our…

Confocal microscopy is the backbone of cellular research labs across the world but unfortunately, the imaging is restricted to a single plane. Chromatic confocal microscopy offers the possibility to image multiple planes simultaneously thus…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-01 Gargi Sharma , Kanwarpal Singh

Freeform optics aims to expand the toolkit of optical elements by allowing for more complex phase geometries beyond rotational symmetry. Complex, asymmetric curvatures are employed to enhance the performance of optical components while…

Optics · Physics 2016-10-05 Alan Zhan , Shane Colburn , Christopher M. Dodson , Arka Majumdar

The purpose of this work is to provide theoretically grounded assessment on both the field-of-view and the bandwidth of a lensless holographic setup. Indeed, while previous works have presented results with super-resolution and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-23 Ferréol Soulez

Traditional optical imaging faces an unavoidable trade-off between resolution and depth of field (DOF). To increase resolution, high numerical apertures (NA) are needed, but the associated large angular uncertainty results in a limited…

The traditional wisdom for achieving transparency is to minimize disordered scattering within and on the surface of materials, so as to avoid translucency. However, the lack of disordered scattering also deprives the possibility of…

Spectrographs nominally contain a degree of quasi-static optical aberrations resulting from the quality of manufactured component surfaces, imperfect alignment, design residuals, thermal effects, and other other associated phenomena…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-28 Eric B. Bechter , Andrew J. Bechter , Justin R. Crepp , Jonathan Crass

Smartphone cameras face fundamental form-factor constraints that limit their optical magnification, primarily due to the difficulty of reducing a lens assembly's telephoto ratio, the ratio between total track length (TTL) and effective…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Harshana Weligampola , Yuanrui Chen , Abhiram Gnanasambandam , Dilshan Godaliyadda , Hamid R. Sheikh , Stanley H. Chan , Qi Guo

There is widespread interest in estimating the fluorescence properties of natural materials in an image. However, the separation between reflected and fluoresced components is difficult, because it is impossible to distinguish reflected and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Henryk Blasinski , Joyce Farrell , Brian Wandell

Color printing at the diffraction limit has been recently explored by fabricating nanoscale plasmonic structures with electron beam lithography. However, only a limited color range and constant intensity throughout the structure have been…

Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) is essential for increasing the corrected Field-of-View (FoV) in astronomical imaging and potentially for free-space optical communications, particularly for small-aperture, transportable systems. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-26 Tommaso Furieri , Stefano Bonora

Imaging with optical resolution through highly scattering media is a long sought-after goal with important applications in deep tissue imaging. Although being the focus of numerous works, this goal was considered impractical until recently.…

Optics · Physics 2012-02-10 Ori Katz , Eran Small , Yaron Silberberg

Recent advances in snapshot multispectral (MS) imaging have enabled compact, low-cost spectral sensors for consumer and mobile devices. By capturing richer spectral information than conventional RGB sensors, these systems can enhance key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Luca Cogo , Marco Buzzelli , Simone Bianco , Javier Vazquez-Corral , Raimondo Schettini

We propose a method for designing multifocal diffractive lenses generating prescribed sets of foci with fixed positions at several different wavelengths. The method is based on minimizing the difference between the complex amplitudes of the…

Near-field phase-shifting contact lithography is modeled to characterize electromagnetic absorption in a photoresist layer with one face in contact with a quartz binary phase-shift mask. The broadband ultraviolet illumination is represented…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Fei Wang , Katherine E. Weaver , Akhlesh Lakhtakia , Mark W. Horn

Light field microscopy (LFM) uses a microlens array (MLA) near the sensor plane of a microscope to achieve single-shot 3D imaging of a sample without any moving parts. Unfortunately, the 3D capability of LFM comes with a significant loss of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-17 Fanglin Linda Liu , Grace Kuo , Nick Antipa , Kyrollos Yanny , Laura Waller

We resolve the long standing controversy regarding the imaging by a planar lens made of left-handed media and demonstrate theoretically that its far field image has a fundamentally different origin depending on the relationship between…

Optics · Physics 2008-02-04 Nicholas A. Kuhta , Viktor A. Podolskiy , Alexei L. Efros