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Extremal problems related to the enumeration of graph substructures, such as independent sets, matchings, and induced matchings, have become a prominent area of research with the advancement of graph theory. A subset of vertices is called a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Bo-Jun Yuan , Ni Yang , Hong-Yan Ge , Shi-Cai Gong

A $k$-stack layout (or $k$-page book embedding) of a graph consists of a total order of the vertices, and a partition of the edges into $k$ sets of non-crossing edges with respect to the vertex order. The stack number of a graph is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Martin Nöllenburg , Sergey Pupyrev

In a confluence of combinatorics and geometry, simultaneous representations provide a way to realize combinatorial objects that share common structure. A standard case in the study of simultaneous representations is the sunflower case where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Ignaz Rutter , Darren Strash , Peter Stumpf , Michael Vollmer

A connected set in a graph is a subset of vertices whose induced subgraph is connected. Although counting the number of connected sets in a graph is generally a \#P-complete problem, it remains an active area of research. In 2020, Vince…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-04 Hongxia Ma , Xian'an Jin , Weiling Yang , Meiqiao Zhang

There is a well-documented research programme on graph operators which addresses questions such as `Which graphs appear as images of graphs?'; `Which graphs are fixed under the operator?'; `What happens if the operator is iterated?' In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Christo Kriel , Eunice Mphako-Banda

The general position number for graphs ask for largest vertex subsets $S$ such that no three vertices are contained on a common shortest path. We examine this problem in the setting of directed graphs. We provide bounds for the general…

A {\it vertex-ordered} graph is a graph equipped with a linear ordering of its vertices. A pair of independent edges in an ordered graph can exhibit one of the following three patterns: separated, nested or crossing. We say a pair of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-23 János Barát , Andrea Freschi , Géza Tóth

Grid graphs, and, more generally, $k\times r$ grid graphs, form one of the most basic classes of geometric graphs. Over the past few decades, a large body of works studied the (in)tractability of various computational problems on grid…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Siddharth Gupta , Guy Sa'ar , Meirav Zehavi

A graph $G$ is $k$-ordered if for any distinct vertices $v_1, v_2, \ldots, v_k \in V(G)$, it has a cycle through $v_1, v_2, \ldots, v_k$ in order. Let $f(k)$ denote the minimum integer so that every $f(k)$-connected graph is $k$-ordered.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Rose McCarty , Yan Wang , Xingxing Yu

In the area of beyond-planar graphs, i.e. graphs that can be drawn with some local restrictions on the edge crossings, the recognition problem is prominent next to the density question for the different graph classes. For 1-planar graphs,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Henry Förster , Michael Kaufmann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

For two vertices $s$ and $t$ in a graph $G=(V,E)$, the next-to-shortest path is an $st$-path which length is minimum amongst all $st$-paths strictly longer than the shortest path length. In this paper we show that, when the graph is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-03-26 Bang Ye Wu , Jun-Lin Guo , Yue-Li Wang

We analyze the problem of network identifiability with nonlinear functions associated with the edges. We consider a static model for the output of each node and by assuming a perfect identification of the function associated with the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Renato Vizuete , Julien M. Hendrickx

Extensions to finite-state automata on strings, such as multi-head automata or multi-counter automata, have been successfully used to encode many infinite-state non-regular verification problems. In this paper, we consider a generalization…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-25 Rayna Dimitrova , Rupak Majumdar

String graphs, that is, intersection graphs of curves in the plane, have been studied since the 1960s. We provide an expository presentation of several results, including very recent ones: some string graphs require an exponential number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-10 Jiří Matoušek

The feedback set problems are about removing the minimum number of vertices or edges from a graph to break all its cycles. Much effort has gone into understanding their complexity on planar graphs as well as on graphs of bounded degree. We…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Tian Bai , Yixin Cao , Mingyu Xiao

Chordal graphs are the graphs in which every cycle of length at least four has a chord. A set $S$ is a vertex separator for vertices $a$ and $b$ if the removal of $S$ of the graph separates $a$ and $b$ into distinct connected components. A…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-22 Sérgio H. Nogueira , Vinicius F. dos Santos

Monitoring edge-geodetic sets in a graph are subsets of vertices such that every edge of the graph must lie on all the shortest paths between two vertices of the monitoring set. These objects were introduced in a work by Foucaud, Krishna…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Tapas Das , Florent Foucaud , Clara Marcille , PD Pavan , Sagnik Sen

Inspired by Lelek's idea from [Disjoint mappings and the span of spaces, Fund. Math. 55 (1964), 199 -- 214], we introduce the novel notion of the span of graphs. Using this, we solve the problem of determining the \emph{maximal safety…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Iztok Banič , Andrej Taranenko

In this thesis we consider ordered graphs (that is, graphs with a fixed linear ordering on their vertices). We summarize and further investigations on the number of edges an ordered graph may have while avoiding a fixed forbidden ordered…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-07-16 Craig Weidert

In the distributed subgraph-freeness problem, we are given a graph $H$, and asked to determine whether the network graph contains $H$ as a subgraph or not. Subgraph-freeness is an extremely local problem: if the network had no bandwidth…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Orr Fischer , Tzlil Gonen , Rotem Oshman