Related papers: Error reduction in biosensors using secondary labe…

This paper is concerned with learning binary classifiers under adversarial label-noise. We introduce the problem of error-correction in learning where the goal is to recover the original clean data from a label-manipulated version of it,…

Quantum state discrimination plays a central role in quantum information and communication. For the discrimination of optical quantum states, the two most widely adopted measurement techniques are photon detection, which produces discrete…

The signal to noise ratio of quantum sensing protocols scales with the square root of the coherence time. Thus, increasing this time is a key goal in the field. Dynamical decoupling has proven to be efficient in prolonging the coherence…

Precise alignment of the electron beam is critical for successful application of scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) to understanding materials at atomic level. Despite the success of aberration correctors, aberration…

In cancer biomarker development, a key objective is to evaluate whether a new biomarker, when combined with an established one, improves early cancer detection compared to using the established biomarker alone. Incremental value is often…

The presence of label noise often misleads the training of deep neural networks. Departing from the recent literature which largely assumes the label noise rate is only determined by the true label class, the errors in human-annotated…

Quantum noise places a fundamental limit on the per photon sensitivity attainable in optical measurements. This limit is of particular importance in biological measurements, where the optical power must be constrained to avoid damage to the…

We use ideas from kinetic proofreading, an error-correcting mechanism in biology, to identify new kinetic regimes in non-equilibrium systems. These regimes are defined by the sensitivity of the occupancy of a state of the system to a change…

Two-phase sampling is commonly adopted for reducing cost and improving estimation efficiency. In many two-phase studies, the outcome and some cheap covariates are observed for a large sample in Phase I, and expensive covariates are obtained…

Due to their radiation hardness, kilohertz frame rates, and high dynamic range, hybrid pixel detectors have recently expanded their application range to electron diffraction and recently also electron imaging. However, these detectors…

We study the problem of solving a linear sensing system when the observations are unlabeled. Specifically we seek a solution to a linear system of equations y = Ax when the order of the observations in the vector y is unknown. Focusing on…

Biological systems sense and extract information from fluctuating signals while operating under energetic constraints and limited resolution. We introduce a general chemical model in which a sensor, coupled to a signaling pathway activated…

Aberration-corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) has become an essential tool in understanding materials at the atomic scale. However, tuning the aberration corrector to produce a sub-{\AA}ngstr\"om probe is a complex…

Numerous biological functions-such as enzymatic catalysis, the immune response system, and the DNA-protein regulatory network-rely on the ability of molecules to specifically recognize target molecules within a large pool of similar…

All optical techniques used to probe the properties of Bose-Einstein condensates have been based on dispersion and absorption that can be described by a two-level atom. Both phenomena lead to spontaneous emission that is destructive.…

Emerging applications of sensor networks for detection sometimes suggest that classical problems ought be revisited under new assumptions. This is the case of binary hypothesis testing with independent - but not necessarily identically…

Pseudo-labeling is a commonly used paradigm in semi-supervised learning, yet its application to semi-supervised regression (SSR) remains relatively under-explored. Unlike classification, where pseudo-labels are discrete and confidence-based…

Analyzing the physical and chemical properties of single DNA based molecular machines such as polymerases and helicases often necessitates to track stepping motion on the length scale of base pairs. Although high resolution instruments have…

Measurement error arises through a variety of mechanisms. A rich literature exists on the bias introduced by covariate measurement error and on methods of analysis to address this bias. By comparison, less attention has been given to errors…

This article introduces a method of evaluating subsamples until any prescribed level of classification accuracy is attained, thus obtaining arbitrary accuracy. A logarithmic reduction in error rate is obtained with a linear increase in…