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We show a hardness result for random smoothing to achieve certified adversarial robustness against attacks in the $\ell_p$ ball of radius $\epsilon$ when $p>2$. Although random smoothing has been well understood for the $\ell_2$ case using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Avrim Blum , Travis Dick , Naren Manoj , Hongyang Zhang

We study distribution testing in the standard access model and the conditional access model when the memory available to the testing algorithm is bounded. In both scenarios, the samples appear in an online fashion and the goal is to test…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Sampriti Roy , Yadu Vasudev

We derive minimax testing errors in a distributed framework where the data is split over multiple machines and their communication to a central machine is limited to $b$ bits. We investigate both the $d$- and infinite-dimensional signal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-13 Botond Szabó , Lasse Vuursteen , Harry van Zanten

Diffusion probabilistic models have been successfully used to generate data from noise. However, most diffusion models are computationally expensive and difficult to interpret with a lack of theoretical justification. Random feature models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-11 Esha Saha , Giang Tran

We introduce a method for testing quantum correlations in terms of quasiprobability functions in the presence of noise. We analyze the effects of measurement imperfection and thermal environment on quantum correlations and show that their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-09 Seung-Woo Lee , Jaewan Kim , Wonmin Son

Sampling from the output distribution of chaotic quantum evolutions, and of pseudo-random universal quantum circuits in particular, has been proposed as a prominent milestone for near-term quantum supremacy. The same paper notes that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-08 Sergio Boixo , Vadim N. Smelyanskiy , Hartmut Neven

We study the properties of output distributions of noisy, random circuits. We obtain upper and lower bounds on the expected distance of the output distribution from the "useless" uniform distribution. These bounds are tight with respect to…

A natural problem in high-dimensional inference is to decide if a classifier $f:\mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \{-1,1\}$ depends on a small number of linear directions of its input data. Call a function $g: \mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \{-1,1\}$, a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Anindya De , Elchanan Mossel , Joe Neeman

Understanding the power and limitations of classical and quantum information and how they differ is a fundamental endeavor. In property testing of distributions, a tester is given samples over a typically large domain $\{0,1\}^n$. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Fernando Granha Jeronimo , Nir Magrafta , Joseph Slote , Pei Wu

Equivalence testing, a fundamental problem in the field of distribution testing, seeks to infer if two unknown distributions on $[n]$ are the same or far apart in the total variation distance. Conditional sampling has emerged as a powerful…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Diptarka Chakraborty , Sourav Chakraborty , Gunjan Kumar , Kuldeep S. Meel

Estimation of the mixing distribution under a general mixture model is a very difficult problem, especially when the mixing distribution is assumed to have a density. Predictive recursion (PR) is a fast, recursive algorithm for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Vaidehi Dixit , Ryan Martin

Results on the hardness of approximate sampling are seen as important stepping stones towards a convincing demonstration of the superior computational power of quantum devices. The most prominent suggestions for such experiments include…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-31 Dominik Hangleiter , Martin Kliesch , Jens Eisert , Christian Gogolin

The objective of goodness-of-fit testing is to assess whether a dataset of observations is likely to have been drawn from a candidate probability distribution. This paper presents a rank-based family of goodness-of-fit tests that is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-18 Feras A. Saad , Cameron E. Freer , Nathanael L. Ackerman , Vikash K. Mansinghka

We provide improved differentially private algorithms for identity testing of high-dimensional distributions. Specifically, for $d$-dimensional Gaussian distributions with known covariance $\Sigma$, we can test whether the distribution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Shyam Narayanan

Previous studies in quantum information have recognized that specific types of noise can encode information in certain applications. However, the role of noise in Quantum Hypothesis Testing (QHT), traditionally assumed to undermine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Qing Li , Lingna Wang , Min Jiang , Ze Wu , Haidong Yuan , Xinhua Peng

We study a class of hypothesis testing problems in which, upon observing the realization of an $n$-dimensional Gaussian vector, one has to decide whether the vector was drawn from a standard normal distribution or, alternatively, whether…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-22 Louigi Addario-Berry , Nicolas Broutin , Luc Devroye , Gábor Lugosi

Many scientific applications involve testing theories that are only partially specified. This task often amounts to testing the goodness-of-fit of a candidate distribution while allowing for reasonable deviations from it. The tolerant…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Lucas Kania , Tudor Manole , Larry Wasserman , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

Learning deep neural network (DNN) classifier with noisy labels is a challenging task because the DNN can easily over-fit on these noisy labels due to its high capability. In this paper, we present a very simple but effective training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Wei Hu , QiHao Zhao , Yangyu Huang , Fan Zhang

Deep neural networks tend to memorize noisy labels, severely degrading their generalization performance. Although Mixup has demonstrated effectiveness in improving generalization and robustness, existing Mixup-based methods typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Qiuhao Liu , Ling Li , Yao Lu , Qi Xuan , Zhaowei Zhu , Jiaheng Wei

This work is concerned with the detection of a mixture distribution from a $\mathbb{R}$-valued sample. Given a sample $X_1,\dots,X_n$ and an even density $\phi$, our aim is to detect whether the sample distribution is $\phi(\cdot-\mu)$ for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-22 Béatrice Laurent , Clément Marteau , Cathy Maugis-Rabusseau