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Motivated by the fact that input distributions are often unknown in advance, distribution-free property testing considers a setting where the algorithmic task is to accept functions $f : [n] \to \{0,1\}$ with a certain property P and reject…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Hugo Aaronson , Tom Gur , Ninad Rajgopal , Ron D. Rothblum

We introduce the problem of \emph{entropy equivalence testing} for probability distributions, a relaxation of the well-studied closeness testing problem, where the distribution testing algorithm is now only required to distinguish, given…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Clément L. Canonne , Yash Pote , Jonathan Scarlett , Joy Qiping Yang

In this paper, we consider the problem of detecting signals in multiple, sequentially observed data streams. For each stream, the exact distribution is unknown, but characterized by a parameter that takes values in either of two disjoint…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-30 Yiming Xing , Anamitra Chaudhuri , Yifan Chen

In this paper, we study the hypothesis testing problem of, among $n$ random variables, determining $k$ random variables which have different probability distributions from the rest $(n-k)$ random variables. Instead of using separate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-28 Weiyu Xu , Lifeng Lai

Boson sampling is one of the main quantum computation models to demonstrate the quantum computational advantage. However, this aim may be hard to realize considering two main kinds of noises, which are photon distinguishability and photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Yang Ji , Yongzheng Wu , Shi Wang , Jie Hou , Meiling Chen , Ming Ni

When an individual's DNA is sequenced, sensitive medical information becomes available to the sequencing laboratory. A recently proposed way to hide an individual's genetic information is to mix in DNA samples of other individuals. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kayvon Mazooji , Roy Dong , Ilan Shomorony

We study distribution testing with communication and memory constraints in the following computational models: (1) The {\em one-pass streaming model} where the goal is to minimize the sample complexity of the protocol subject to a memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Ilias Diakonikolas , Themis Gouleakis , Daniel M. Kane , Sankeerth Rao

Quantum machine learning models have the potential to offer speedups and better predictive accuracy compared to their classical counterparts. However, these quantum algorithms, like their classical counterparts, have been shown to also be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-27 Maurice Weber , Nana Liu , Bo Li , Ce Zhang , Zhikuan Zhao

Deep models trained with noisy labels are prone to over-fitting and struggle in generalization. Most existing solutions are based on an ideal assumption that the label noise is class-conditional, i.e., instances of the same class share the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Ganlong Zhao , Guanbin Li , Yipeng Qin , Feng Liu , Yizhou Yu

Hypothesis testing in singular statistical models is often regarded as inherently problematic due to non-identifiability and degeneracy of the Fisher information. We show that the fundamental obstruction to testing in such models is not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Sean Plummer

We study the problem of estimating mixtures of Gaussians under the constraint of differential privacy (DP). Our main result is that $\text{poly}(k,d,1/\alpha,1/\varepsilon,\log(1/\delta))$ samples are sufficient to estimate a mixture of $k$…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-24 Mohammad Afzali , Hassan Ashtiani , Christopher Liaw

Given a dataset of $n$ i.i.d. samples from an unknown distribution $P$, we consider the problem of generating a sample from a distribution that is close to $P$ in total variation distance, under the constraint of differential privacy (DP).…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Badih Ghazi , Xiao Hu , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi

We give a new algorithm for learning mixtures of $k$ Gaussians (with identity covariance in $\mathbb{R}^n$) to TV error $\varepsilon$, with quasi-polynomial ($O(n^{\text{poly\,log}\left(\frac{n+k}{\varepsilon}\right)})$) time and sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Khashayar Gatmiry , Jonathan Kelner , Holden Lee

This work considers a problem of estimating a mixing probability density $f$ in the setting of discrete mixture models. The paper consists of three parts. The first part focuses on the construction of an $L_1$ consistent estimator of $f$.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Luc Devroye , Alex Dytso

When we use the normal mixture model, the optimal number of the components describing the data should be determined. Testing homogeneity is good for this purpose; however, to construct its theory is challenging, since the test statistic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Natsuki Kariya , Sumio Watanabe

We describe two procedures which, given access to one copy of a quantum state and a sequence of two-outcome measurements, can distinguish between the case that at least one of the measurements accepts the state with high probability, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-18 Aram W. Harrow , Cedric Yen-Yu Lin , Ashley Montanaro

Let $\theta_0,\theta_1 \in \mathbb{R}^d$ be the population risk minimizers associated to some loss $\ell:\mathbb{R}^d\times \mathcal{Z}\to\mathbb{R}$ and two distributions $\mathbb{P}_0,\mathbb{P}_1$ on $\mathcal{Z}$. The models…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Dmitrii M. Ostrovskii , Mohamed Ndaoud , Adel Javanmard , Meisam Razaviyayn

This paper studies finite-sample set-membership identification for discrete-time bilinear systems under bounded symmetric log-concave disturbances. Compared with existing finite-sample results for linear systems and related analyses under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hongyu Yi , Chenbei Lu , Jing Yu

We consider some computationally efficient and provably correct algorithms with near-optimal sample-complexity for the problem of noisy non-adaptive group testing. Group testing involves grouping arbitrary subsets of items into pools. Each…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Chun Lam Chan , Sidharth Jaggi , Venkatesh Saligrama , Samar Agnihotri

We study sorting of permutations by random swaps if each comparison gives the wrong result with some fixed probability $p<1/2$. We use this process as prototype for the behaviour of randomized, comparison-based optimization heuristics in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Tomáš Gavenčiak , Barbara Geissmann , Johannes Lengler