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Given a class of graphs $\mathcal{H}$, the problem $\oplus\mathsf{Sub}(\mathcal{H})$ is defined as follows. The input is a graph $H\in \mathcal{H}$ together with an arbitrary graph $G$. The problem is to compute, modulo $2$, the number of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Leslie Ann Goldberg , Marc Roth

Vertex deletion problems for graphs are studied intensely in classical and parameterized complexity theory. They ask whether we can delete at most k vertices from an input graph such that the resulting graph has a certain property.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Max Bannach , Florian Chudigiewitsch , Till Tantau

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. An ordering of $G$ is a bijection $\alpha: V\dom \{1,2,..., |V|\}.$ For a vertex $v$ in $G$, its closed neighborhood is $N[v]=\{u\in V: uv\in E\}\cup \{v\}.$ The profile of an ordering $\alpha$ of $G$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gregory Gutin , Stefan Szeider , Anders Yeo

For fixed integers $r,\ell \geq 0$, a graph $G$ is called an {\em $(r,\ell)$-graph} if the vertex set $V(G)$ can be partitioned into $r$ independent sets and $\ell$ cliques. The class of $(r, \ell)$ graphs generalizes $r$-colourable graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Sudeshna Kolay , Fahad Panolan , Venkatesh Raman , Saket Saurabh

We study the parameterized complexity of separating a small set of vertices from a graph by a small vertex-separator. That is, given a graph $G$ and integers $k$, $t$, the task is to find a vertex set $X$ with $|X| \le k$ and $|N(X)| \le…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-10-02 Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Janne H. Korhonen

Given a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$, a graph $G$, and a positive integer $k$, the $\mathcal{F}$-Deletion problem asks whether we can delete at most $k$ vertices from $G$ to obtain a graph in $\mathcal{F}$. $\mathcal{F}$-Deletion…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-10-07 Akanksha Agrawal , Daniel Lokshtanov , Amer E. Mouawad , Saket Saurabh

Subgraph counting is a fundamental and well-studied problem whose computational complexity is well understood. Quite surprisingly, the hypergraph version of subgraph counting has been almost ignored. In this work, we address this gap by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Marco Bressan , Julian Brinkmann , Holger Dell , Marc Roth , Philip Wellnitz

A connectivity function on a finite set $V$ is a symmetric submodular function $f \colon 2^V \to \mathbb{Z}$ with $f(\emptyset)=0$. We prove that finding a branch-decomposition of width at most $k$ for a connectivity function given by an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Tuukka Korhonen , Sang-il Oum

There is substantial literature dealing with fixed parameter algorithms for the dominating set problem on various families of graphs. In this paper, we give a $k^{O(dk)} n$ time algorithm for finding a dominating set of size at most $k$ in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Noga Alon , Shai Gutner

\textsc{Densest $k$-Subgraph} is the problem to find a vertex subset $S$ of size $k$ such that the number of edges in the subgraph induced by $S$ is maximized. In this paper, we show that \textsc{Densest $k$-Subgraph} is fixed parameter…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Tesshu Hanaka

Let F be a finite family of graphs. In the F-Deletion problem, one is given a graph G and an integer k, and the goal is to find k vertices whose deletion results in a graph with no minor from the family F. This may be regarded as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Roohani Sharma , Michał Włodarczyk

In the bounded-degree cut problem, we are given a multigraph $G=(V,E)$, two disjoint vertex subsets $A,B\subseteq V$, two functions $\mathrm{u}_A, \mathrm{u}_B:V\to \{0,1,\ldots,|E|\}$ on $V$, and an integer $k\geq 0$. The task is to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Mingyu Xiao , Hiroshi Nagamochi

A function on a topological space is called unimodal if all of its super-level sets are contractible. A minimal unimodal decomposition of a function $f$ is the smallest number of unimodal functions that sum up to $f$. The problem of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Mishal Assif P K , Yuliy Baryshnikov

The C-Planarity problem asks for a drawing of a $\textit{clustered graph}$, i.e., a graph whose vertices belong to properly nested clusters, in which each cluster is represented by a simple closed region with no edge-edge crossings, no…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Giordano Da Lozzo , David Eppstein , Michael T. Goodrich , Siddharth Gupta

In the Disjoint Paths problem, the input consists of an $n$-vertex graph $G$ and a collection of $k$ vertex pairs, $\{(s_i,t_i)\}_{i=1}^k$, and the objective is to determine whether there exists a collection $\{P_i\}_{i=1}^k$ of $k$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Daniel Lokshtanov , Saket Saurabh , Meirav Zehavi

Temporal graphs are graphs whose edges are labelled with times at which they are active. Their time-sensitivity provides a useful model of real networks, but renders many problems studied on temporal graphs more computationally complex than…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jessica Enright , Samuel D. Hand , Laura Larios-Jones , Kitty Meeks

Research of cycles through specific vertices is a central topic in graph theory. In this context, we focus on a well-studied computational problem, \textsc{$T$-Cycle}: given an undirected $n$-vertex graph $G$ and a set of $k$ vertices…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Harmender Gahlawat , Abhishek Rathod , Meirav Zehavi

{\sc Directed Feedback Vertex Set (DFVS)} is a fundamental computational problem that has received extensive attention in parameterized complexity. In this paper, we initiate the study of a wide generalization, the {\sc ${\cal H}$-free SCC…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Rian Neogi , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh , Roohani Sharma

It is known that problems like Vertex Cover, Feedback Vertex Set and Odd Cycle Transversal are polynomial time solvable in the class of chordal graphs. We consider these problems in a graph that has at most $k$ vertices whose deletion…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Ashwin Jacob , Fahad Panolan , Venkatesh Raman , Vibha Sahlot

Let $\Pi$ be a hereditary graph class. The problem of deletion to $\Pi$, takes as input a graph $G$ and asks for a minimum number (or a fixed integer $k$) of vertices to be deleted from $G$ so that the resulting graph belongs to $\Pi$. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Ashwin Jacob , Diptapriyo Majumdar , Venkatesh Raman