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The cutoff phenomenon describes a sharp transition in the convergence of a family of ergodic finite Markov chains to equilibrium. Many natural families of chains are believed to exhibit cutoff, and yet establishing this fact is often…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-19 Eyal Lubetzky , Allan Sly

How many shuffles are needed to mix up a deck of cards? This question may be answered in the language of a random walk on the symmetric group, $S_{52}$. This generalises neatly to the study of random walks on finite groups, themselves a…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-22 J. P. McCarthy

We find the total variation mixing time of the interchange process on the dumbbell graph (two complete graphs, $K_n$ and $K_m$, connected by a single edge), and show that this sequence of chains exhibits the cutoff phenomenon precisely when…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Richárd Patkó , Gábor Pete

Given a sequence $(\mathfrak{X}_i, \mathscr{K}_i)_{i=1}^\infty$ of Markov chains, the cut-off phenomenon describes a period of transition to stationarity which is asymptotically lower order than the mixing time. We study mixing times and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Bob Hough

In this paper we study the mixing time of a biased transpositions shuffle on a set of $N$ cards with $N/2$ cards of two types. For a parameter $0<a \le 1$, one type of card is chosen to transpose with a bias of $\frac{a}{N}$ and the other…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Megan Bernstein , Nayantara Bhatnagar , Igor Pak

We investigate the $k$-cycle shuffle on repeated cards, namely on a deck consisting of $l$ identical copies of each of $m$ card types, with total size $n=ml$. We establish asymptotic results for the total variation mixing of this shuffle,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Jiahe Shen

We study a natural random walk on the $n \times n$ upper triangular matrices, with entries in $\mathbb{Z}/m \mathbb{Z}$, generated by steps which add or subtract a uniformly random row to the row above. We show that the mixing time of this…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Evita Nestoridi , Allan Sly

We analyse the mixing profile of a random walk on a dynamic random permutation, focusing on the regime where the walk evolves much faster than the permutation. Two types of dynamics generated by random transpositions are considered: one…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Luca Avena , Remco van der Hofstad , Frank den Hollander , Oliver Nagy

We prove a cutoff for the random walk on random $n$-lifts of finite weighted graphs, even when the random walk on the base graph $\mathcal{G}$ of the lift is not reversible. The mixing time is w.h.p. $t_{mix}=h^{-1}\log n$, where $h$ is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-08-09 Guillaume Conchon--Kerjan

We prove a conjecture raised by the work of Diaconis and Shahshahani (1981) about the mixing time of random walks on the permutation group induced by a given conjugacy class. To do this we exploit a connection with coalescence and…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Nathanael Berestycki , Bati Sengul

We consider the random walk on the hypercube which moves by picking an ordered pair $(i,j)$ of distinct coordinates uniformly at random and adding the bit at location $i$ to the bit at location $j$, modulo $2$. We show that this Markov…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-21 Anna Ben-Hamou , Yuval Peres

We show that the random transposition walk on the symmetric group $S_n$ has cutoff in separation distance at $\frac{1}{2}n \log n$, by constructing a strong stationary time. The construction involves working with cycle types of permutations…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-03 Graham White

In this paper, we investigate the mixing time of the adjacent transposition shuffle for a deck of $N$ cards. We prove that around time $N^2\log N/(2\pi^2)$, the total variation distance to equilibrium of the deck distribution drops abruptly…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Hubert Lacoin

We introduce and analyze the $S_k$ shuffle on $N$ cards, a natural generalization of the celebrated random adjacent transposition shuffle. In the $S_k$ shuffle, we choose uniformly at random a block of $k$ consecutive cards, and shuffle…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Evita Nestoridi , Amanda Priestley , Dominik Schmid

We study the random walk on a finite dihedral group $G$ driven by the uniform measure on $k$ independently and uniformly chosen elements. We show that the walk exhibits cutoff with high probability throughout nearly the entire regime $1 \ll…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Xiangying Huang , Renyu Rao

Let $P$ be a bistochastic matrix of size $n$, and let $\Pi$ be a permutation matrix of size $n$. In this paper, we are interested in the mixing time of the Markov chain whose transition matrix is given by $Q=P\Pi$. In other words, the chain…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Anna Ben-Hamou , Yuval Peres

It is a fact simple to establish that the mixing time of the simple random walk on a d-regular graph $G_n$ with n vertices is asymptotically bounded from below by $d/ ((d-2)\log (d-1))\log n$. Such a bound is obtained by comparing the walk…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Charles Bordenave , Hubert Lacoin

The best known lower and upper bounds on the mixing time for the random-to-random insertions shuffle are $(1/2-o(1))n\log n$ and $(2+o(1))n\log n$. A long standing open problem is to prove that the mixing time exhibits a cutoff. In…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Eliran Subag

We consider a dynamic random graph on $n$ vertices that is obtained by starting from a random graph generated according to the configuration model with a prescribed degree sequence and at each unit of time randomly rewiring a fraction…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Luca Avena , Hakan Guldas , Remco van der Hofstad , Frank den Hollander

Consider the interchange process on a connected graph $G=(V,E)$ on $n$ vertices. I.e.\ shuffle a deck of cards by first placing one card at each vertex of $G$ in a fixed order and then at each tick of the clock, picking an edge uniformly at…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-26 Johan Jonasson