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Current observations of the atmospheres of close-in exoplanets are predominantly obtained with two techniques: low-resolution spectroscopy with space telescopes and high-resolution spectroscopy from the ground. Although the observables…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-12 M. Brogi , M. Line , J. Bean , J. -M. Désert , H. Schwarz

Context: High-resolution spectrographs fed by adaptive optics (AO) provide a unique opportunity to characterize directly imaged exoplanets. Observations with such instruments allow us to probe the atmospheric composition, spin rotation, and…

Context: Infrared spectroscopy of primary and secondary eclipse events probes the composition of exoplanet atmospheres and, using space telescopes, has detected H2O, CH4 and CO2 in three hot Jupiters. However, the available data from space…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Azam Thatte , Pieter Deroo , Mark R. Swain

Ground-based high-resolution spectra provide a powerful tool for characterising exoplanet atmospheres. However, they are greatly hampered by the dominating telluric and stellar lines, which need to be removed prior to any analysis. Such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-27 Doriann Blain , Alejandro Sánchez-López , Paul Mollière

High-resolution Doppler spectroscopy has been used to detect several chemical species in exoplanetary atmospheres. Such detections have traditionally relied on cross correlation of observed spectra against spectral model templates, an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Siddharth Gandhi , Nikku Madhusudhan , George Hawker , Anjali Piette

Molecular species in planetary atmospheres provide key insights into their atmospheric processes and formation conditions. In recent years, high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy in the near-infrared has allowed detections of H$_2$O and CO in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 George A. Hawker , Nikku Madhusudhan , Samuel H. C. Cabot , Siddharth Gandhi

Atmospheric characterization of exoplanets has traditionally relied on Low-Resolution Transmission Spectroscopy (LRTS), obtained from both space- and ground-based facilities, as well as on High-Resolution Transmission Spectroscopy (HRTS).…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-24 Manjunath Bestha , Athira Unni , T. Sivarani , Dhanush S R , Lokesh Manickavasaham , Parvathy M , Devika K Divakar , Arun Surya

High-resolution spectroscopy provides unique constraints on exoplanet atmospheric composition and dynamics. The past decade of ground-based campaigns has accumulated extensive public archives, yet many observations remain unanalysed. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 A. Masson , S. Vinatier , B. Bézard , F. Debras , A. Carmona , J. Lillo-Box , N. B. Cowan , V. Yariv , R. Allart

Chemical compositions of exoplanets can provide key insights into their physical processes, and formation and evolutionary histories. Atmospheric spectroscopy provides a direct avenue to probe exoplanetary compositions. However, whether…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-17 R. Hobbs , O. Shorttle , N. Madhusudhan , P. Rimmer

Recent spectroscopic observations of transiting hot Jupiters have permitted the derivation of the thermal structure and molecular abundances of H2O, CO2, CO, and CH4 in these extreme atmospheres. Here, for the first time, we apply the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Jae-Min Lee , Leigh N. Fletcher , Patrick G. J. Irwin

What makes the study of exoplanetary atmospheres so hard is the extraction of its tiny signal from observations, usually dominated by telluric absorption, stellar spectrum and instrumental noise. The High Resolution Spectroscopy has emerged…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 M. C. Maimone , A. Chiavassa , J. Leconte

We extend a data-based model-free multifractal method of exoplanet detection to probe exoplanetary atmospheres. Whereas the transmission spectrum is studied during the primary eclipse, we analyze the emission spectrum during the secondary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-25 Sahil Agarwal , John S. Wettlaufer

We aim to interpret future photometric and spectral measurements from these instruments, in terms of physical parameters of the planets, with an atmospheric model using a minimal number of assumptions and parameters. We developed Exoplanet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-14 J. -L. Baudino , B. Bézard , A. Boccaletti , M. Bonnefoy , A. M. Lagrange , R. Galicher

Cross-correlation is a well-tested method for exoplanet characterization. A new, potentially powerful application is the measurement of atmospheric isotope ratios. In particular D/H can give unique insights into a planet's formation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 P. Mollière , I. A. G. Snellen

Exoplanet science is booming. In 20 years our knowledge has expanded considerably, from the first discovery of a Hot Jupiter, to the detection of a large population of Neptunes and super-Earths, to the first steps toward the…

Exoplanets, and in particular hot ones such as hot Jupiters, require a very significant quantities of molecular spectroscopic data to model radiative transport in their atmospheres or to interpret their spectra. This data is commonly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-27 Christian Hill , Sergei N. Yurchenko , Jonathan Tennyson

So far, the atmospheres of non-transiting exoplanets remain poorly explored, and the potential of high-resolution spectroscopy for determining key planetary parameters beyond their atmospheric properties has not been fully exploited. We…

Atmospheric retrievals are now a standard tool to analyze observations of exoplanet atmospheres. This data-driven approach quantitatively compares atmospheric models to observations in order to estimate atmospheric properties and their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Joshua D. Lothringer , Travis S. Barman

In the last decade ground based high resolution Doppler spectroscopy (HRS) has detected numerous species in transiting and non-transiting hot Jupiters, and is ideally placed for atmospheric characterisation of warm Neptunes and super…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-09 Siddharth Gandhi , Matteo Brogi , Rebecca K. Webb

Spectroscopic observations are extremely important for determining the composition, structure, and surface gravity of exoplanetary atmospheres. High resolution spectroscopy of the planet itself has only been demonstrated a handful of times.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-25 N. Jovanovic , O. Guyon , T. Kotani , H. Kawahara , K. Hosokawa , J. Lozi , J. Males , M. Ireland , M. Tamura , D. Mawet , C. Schwab , B. Norris , S. Leon-Saval , C. Betters , P. Tuthill