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Transportation accounts for around 27% of green house gas emissions in the UK. While an obvious priority area for decarbonisation, and aligned to the UK government goal of reducing emissions by 68% for 2030, the free-market nature of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Blair Archibald , Paul Harvey , Michele Sevegnani

Air pollutant exposure exhibits significant spatial and temporal variability, with localized hotspots, particularly in traffic microenvironments, posing health risks to commuters. Although widely used for air quality assessment, fixed-site…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-04 Hui Zhong , Hongliang Lu , Ting Gan , Yonghong Liu , Xinhu Zheng

Few studies quantify how traffic management dynamically reshapes modal split and emission-exposure outcomes over pollution severities. This paper proposes a novel day-to-day assignment model integrating exposure cost, which includes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-02-04 Yueqi Liu , Ke Han , Lei Yu , Wenrui Tu

Since Particulate Matters (PMs) are closely related to people's living and health, it has become one of the most important indicator of air quality monitoring around the world. But the existing sensor-based methods for PM monitoring have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-07 Yonghui Zhang , Ke Gu

Urban traffic congestion significantly impacts regional air quality and contributes substantially to pollutant emissions. Suburban freeway corridors are a major source of traffic-related emissions, particularly nitrogen oxides (NOx) and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Alexander Hammerl , Ravi Seshadri , Thomas Kjær Rasmussen , Otto Anker Nielsen

Monitoring urban air quality with high spatiotemporal resolution continues to pose significant challenges. We investigate the use of taxi fleets as mobile sensing platforms, analyzing over 100 million PM2.5 readings from more than 3,000…

Cyclists travelling in urban areas are particularly at risk of harm from particulate emissions due to their increased breathing rate and proximity to vehicles. In this paper we combine human respiratory models with models of particulate…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-04-03 Abigail Langbridge , Pietro Ferraro , Robert Shorten

This paper aims to introduce a mathematical model to solve the time-dependent electric vehicles routing problem in shared travels. Shared mobility has gained significance recently due to its contribution to the alleviation of traffic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Alireza Yazdiani , Shayan Bafandkar , Amir Elmi , Yousef Shafahi

The 15-minute city is a powerful planning concept to counter car-dependence by promoting active mobility to amenities and fostering inclusive urban environments. However, this policy has challenges in amenity-poor urban peripheries. Public…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-02 Zsófia Zádor , Gergő Pintér , Máté Mizsák , Bence Kovács , Imre Felde , Balázs Lengyel

This paper proposes a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) approach for an urban traffic network (UTN) system. The control objective is to minimize the traffic congestion and the total travel time spent (TTS) in each link. The…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Roja Eini , Sherif Abdelwahed

Air pollution constitutes the highest environmental risk factor in relation to heath. In order to provide the evidence required for health impact analyses, to inform policy and to develop potential mitigation strategies comprehensive…

Applications · Statistics 2021-08-23 Matthew L. Thomas , Gavin Shaddick , Daniel Simpson , Kees de Hoogh , James V. Zidek

Epidemics expose critical tensions between protecting public health and maintaining essential urban mobility. Public transport systems face this dilemma most acutely: they enable access to jobs, education, and services, yet also facilitate…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-11 Gerhard Hiermann , Joana Ji , Ana Moreno , Rolf Moeckel , Maximilian Schiffer

Air pollution in cities, especially NO\textsubscript{2}, is linked to numerous health problems, ranging from mortality to mental health challenges and attention deficits in children. While cities globally have initiated policies to curtail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Mohamed R. Ibrahim , Terry Lyons

As the demand for mobility in our society seems to increase, the various issues centered on urban mobility are among those that worry most city inhabitants in this planet. For instance, how to go from A to B in an efficient (but also less…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Ana L. C. Bazzan

This paper presents an interactive bathtub model for describing the traffic dynamics of ride-sourcing vehicles including non-shared taxis and ride-pooling cars. A city with a network of undifferentiated streets and solely served by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-20 Wenbo Fan

The most recent concern of all people on Earth is the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. The concentration of these gases has risen rapidly over the last century and if the trend continues it can cause many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Samveg Shah , Shubham Thakar , Kashish Jain , Bhavya Shah , Sudhir Dhage

Digital twin (DT) technology is increasingly used in urban planning, leveraging real-time data integration for environmental monitoring. This paper presents an urban-focused DT that combines computational fluid dynamics simulations with…

Air pollution poses a critical health threat in cities worldwide, with nitrogen dioxide levels in Cork, Ireland exceeding World Health Organization safety standards by up to $278\%$. This study leverages artificial intelligence to predict…

Transport generates a large and growing component of global greenhouse gas emissions contributing to climate change. Effective transport emissions reduction policies are needed in order to reach a climate target well below 2$^\circ$C.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-29 J. -F. Mercure , A. Lam , S. Billington , H. Pollitt

Traffic-related pollution is becoming a major societal problem globally. Cyclists are particularly exposed to this form of pollution due to their proximity to vehicles' tailpipes. In a number of recent studies, it is been shown that…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Yingqi Gu , Mingming Liu , Matheus Souza , Robert Shorten