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Real-time target speaker extraction (TSE) is intended to extract the desired speaker's voice from the observed mixture of multiple speakers in a streaming manner. Implementing real-time TSE is challenging as the computational complexity…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Hiroshi Sato , Takafumi Moriya , Masato Mimura , Shota Horiguchi , Tsubasa Ochiai , Takanori Ashihara , Atsushi Ando , Kentaro Shinayama , Marc Delcroix

The efficacy of external language model (LM) integration with existing end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems can be improved significantly using the internal language model estimation (ILME) method. In this method, the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-26 Zhong Meng , Naoyuki Kanda , Yashesh Gaur , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Eric Sun , Liang Lu , Xie Chen , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong

Speech enhancement (SE) aims to extract the clean waveform from noise-contaminated measurements to improve the speech quality and intelligibility. Although learning-based methods can perform much better than traditional counterparts, the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Haoyin Yan , Jie Zhang , Cunhang Fan , Yeping Zhou , Peiqi Liu

Recent years have seen significant advances in end-to-end (E2E) spoken language understanding (SLU) systems, which directly predict intents and slots from spoken audio. While dialogue history has been exploited to improve conventional…

Targeted syntactic evaluation of subject-verb number agreement in English (TSE) evaluates language models' syntactic knowledge using hand-crafted minimal pairs of sentences that differ only in the main verb's conjugation. The method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Benjamin Newman , Kai-Siang Ang , Julia Gong , John Hewitt

Automated speaking assessment (ASA) typically involves automatic speech recognition (ASR) and hand-crafted feature extraction from the ASR transcript of a learner's speech. Recently, self-supervised learning (SSL) has shown stellar…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tien-Hong Lo , Fu-An Chao , Tzu-I Wu , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

Large-scale pre-trained self-supervised learning (SSL) models have shown remarkable advancements in speech-related tasks. However, the utilization of these models in complex multi-talker scenarios, such as extracting a target speaker in a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Junyi Peng , Marc Delcroix , Tsubasa Ochiai , Oldrich Plchot , Takanori Ashihara , Shoko Araki , Jan Cernocky

End-to-end spoken language understanding (SLU) models are a class of model architectures that predict semantics directly from speech. Because of their input and output types, we refer to them as speech-to-interpretation (STI) models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Joseph P. McKenna , Samridhi Choudhary , Michael Saxon , Grant P. Strimel , Athanasios Mouchtaris

While most deployed speech recognition systems today still run on servers, we are in the midst of a transition towards deployments on edge devices. This leap to the edge is powered by the progression from traditional speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Yuan Shangguan , Jian Li , Qiao Liang , Raziel Alvarez , Ian McGraw

We present ESPnet-SE, which is designed for the quick development of speech enhancement and speech separation systems in a single framework, along with the optional downstream speech recognition module. ESPnet-SE is a new project which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-18 Chenda Li , Jing Shi , Wangyou Zhang , Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian , Xuankai Chang , Naoyuki Kamo , Moto Hira , Tomoki Hayashi , Christoph Boeddeker , Zhuo Chen , Shinji Watanabe

End-to-end (E2E) spoken language understanding (SLU) systems predict utterance semantics directly from speech using a single model. Previous work in this area has focused on targeted tasks in fixed domains, where the output semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Michael Saxon , Samridhi Choudhary , Joseph P. McKenna , Athanasios Mouchtaris

Quantifying the confidence (or conversely the uncertainty) of a prediction is a highly desirable trait of an automatic system, as it improves the robustness and usefulness in downstream tasks. In this paper we investigate confidence…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-15 Dan Oneata , Alexandru Caranica , Adriana Stan , Horia Cucu

Stuttering is a complex speech disorder that can be identified by repetitions, prolongations of sounds, syllables or words, and blocks while speaking. Severity assessment is usually done by a speech therapist. While attempts at automated…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-17 Sebastian P. Bayerl , Florian Hönig , Joelle Reister , Korbinian Riedhammer

Speech language models (SpeechLMs) accept speech input and produce speech output, allowing for more natural human-computer interaction compared to text-based large language models (LLMs). Traditional approaches for developing SpeechLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Aohan Zeng , Zhengxiao Du , Mingdao Liu , Lei Zhang , Shengmin Jiang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Neural language models do not scale well when the vocabulary is large. Noise-contrastive estimation (NCE) is a sampling-based method that allows for fast learning with large vocabularies. Although NCE has shown promising performance in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Farhana Ferdousi Liza , Marek Grzes

Scaling spoken language modeling requires speech tokens that are both efficient and universal. Recent work has proposed syllables as promising speech tokens at low temporal resolution, but existing models are constrained to English and fail…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Cheol Jun Cho , Nicholas Lee , Alan W Black , Gopala K. Anumanchipalli

While integrating speech encoder with LLM requires substantial data and resources, use cases face limitations due to insufficient availability. To address this, we propose a solution with a parameter-efficient adapter that converts speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jaekwon Yoo , Kunal Chandiramani , Divya Tadimeti , Abenezer Girma , Chandra Dhir

The goal of this work is Active Speaker Detection (ASD), a task to determine whether a person is speaking or not in a series of video frames. Previous works have dealt with the task by exploring network architectures while learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Chaeyoung Jung , Suyeon Lee , Kihyun Nam , Kyeongha Rho , You Jin Kim , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

We propose an efficient end-to-end convolutional neural network architecture, AclNet, for audio classification. When trained with our data augmentation and regularization, we achieved state-of-the-art performance on the ESC-50 corpus with…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Jonathan J Huang , Juan Jose Alvarado Leanos

While human evaluation is the most reliable metric for evaluating speech generation systems, it is generally costly and time-consuming. Previous studies on automatic speech quality assessment address the problem by predicting human…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-12 Soumi Maiti , Yifan Peng , Takaaki Saeki , Shinji Watanabe