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The rigidity statement of the positive mass theorem asserts that an asymptotically flat initial data set for the Einstein equations with zero ADM mass, and satisfying the dominant energy condition, must arise from an embedding into…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Edward Bryden , Marcus Khuri , Christina Sormani

We prove positive mass theorems for asymptotically hyperbolic and asymptotically locally hyperbolic Riemannian manifolds with black-hole-type boundaries.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-08 Piotr T. Chruściel , Gregory J. Galloway

The Witten spinorial argument has been adapted in several works over the years to prove positivity of mass in the asymptotically AdS and asymptotically hyperbolic settings in arbitrary dimensions. In this paper we prove a scalar curvature…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Lars Andersson , Mingliang Cai , Gregory J. Galloway

The rigidity of the positive mass theorem states that the only complete asymptotically flat manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature and zero mass is Euclidean space. We prove a corresponding stability theorem for spaces that can be…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Lan-Hsuan Huang , Dan A. Lee

We present several rigidity results for initial data sets motivated by the positive mass theorem. An important step in our proofs here is to establish conditions that ensure that a marginally outer trapped surface is "weakly outermost". A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-07 Michael Eichmair , Gregory J. Galloway , Abraão Mendes

For manifolds with a distinguished asymptotically flat end, we prove a density theorem which produces harmonic asymptotics on the distinguished end, while allowing for points of incompleteness (or negative scalar curvature) away from this…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-11-14 Dan A. Lee , Martin Lesourd , Ryan Unger

In this paper, we prove the spacetime positive mass theorem for asymptotically flat spin initial data sets with arbitrary ends and a non-compact boundary. Moreover, we demonstrate a quantitative shielding theorem, subject to the tilted…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-28 Daoqiang Liu

We use the notion of intrinsic flat distance to address the almost rigidity of the positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. In particular, we prove that a sequence of spherically symmetric asymptotically hyperbolic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-05-14 A Sakovich , C Sormani

Mass angular momentum and charge inequalities for axisymmetric maximal time-symmetric initial data invariant under an action of U(1) group, in Einstein-Maxwell-axion-dilaton gravity being the low-energy limit of the heterotic string theory,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-18 Marek Rogatko

In work with P. Chru\'sciel, L. Nguyen and T.-T. Paetz [8], a positive mass theorem was obtained for asymptotically locally hyperbolic manifolds with boundary, having a toroidal end. The proof made use of properties of marginally outer…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Gregory J. Galloway , Tin-Yau Tsang

We establish the positive energy theorem and a Penrose-type inequality for 3-dimensional asymptotically hyperboloidal initial data sets with toroidal infinity, weakly trapped boundary, and satisfying the dominant energy condition. In the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Aghil Alaee , Pei-Ken Hung , Marcus Khuri

We extend the validity of Dain's angular-momentum inequality to maximal, asymptotically flat, initial data sets on a simply connected manifold with several asymptotically flat ends which are invariant under a U(1) action and which admit a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Piotr T. Chruściel , Yanyan Li , Gilbert Weinstein

We use planar coordinates as well as hyperbolic coordinates to separate the de Sitter spacetime into two parts. These two ways of cutting the de Sitter give rise to two different spatial infinities. For spacetimes which are asymptotic to…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-11-09 Mingxing Luo , Naqing Xie , Xiao Zhang

The rigidity of the Positive Mass Theorem states that the only complete asymptotically flat manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature and zero mass is Euclidean space. We study the stability of this statement for spaces that can be realized…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-26 Lan-Hsuan Huang , Dan A. Lee , Christina Sormani

Building upon dimension reduction techniques in the study of positive scalar curvature (PSC) geometry, we prove an effective version of the positive mass theorem (PMT) for asymptotically flat (AF) manifolds of dimension $n\leq 8$ with…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Shihang He , Yuguang Shi , Haobin Yu

In this paper we develop methods to extend the minimal hypersurface approach to positive scalar curvature problems to all dimensions. This includes a proof of the positive mass theorem in all dimensions without a spin assumption. It also…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-04-20 Richard Schoen , Shing-Tung Yau

We prove the positive mass theorem for manifolds with distributional curvature which have been studied in \cite{Lee2015} without spin condition. In our case, the manifold $M$ has asymptotically flat metric $g\in C^0\bigcap W^{1,p}_{-q}$,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Yuqiao Li

For a given admissible vector field $X$, we define a geometric quantity for asymptotically flat $3$--manifolds, called $X$--ADM mass and we establish a relative positive mass theorem via a monotonicity formula along the level sets of a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Carlo Mantegazza , Francesca Oronzio

We use the inverse mean curvature flow to establish Penrose-type inequalities for time-symmetric Einstein-Maxwell initial data sets which can be suitably embedded as a hypersurface in Euclidean space $\mathbb R^{n+1}$, $n\geq 3$. In…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-01-07 Levi Lopes de Lima , Frederico Girão , Weslley Lozório , Juscelino Silva

We affirm the rigidity conjecture of the spacetime positive mass theorem in dimensions less than eight. Namely, if an asymptotically flat initial data set satisfies the dominant energy condition and has $E=|P|$, then $E=|P|=0$, where $(E,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-27 Lan-Hsuan Huang , Dan A. Lee