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Respiration rate (RR) is an important vital sign for clinical monitoring of hospitalized patients, with changes in RR being strongly tied to changes in clinical status leading to adverse events. Human labels for RR, based on counting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-25 Thomas Kite , Brian Ayers , Nicholas Houstis , Asishana A. Osho , Thoralf M. Sundt , Aaron D Aguirre

In post-covid19 world, radio frequency (RF)-based non-contact methods, e.g., software-defined radios (SDR)-based methods have emerged as promising candidates for intelligent remote sensing of human vitals, and could help in containment of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 Kawish Pervez , Waqas Aman , M. Mahboob Ur Rahman , M. Wasim Nawaz , Qammer H. Abbasi

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a non-contact technique for measuring human physiological signals. Due to its convenience and non-invasiveness, it has demonstrated broad application potential in areas such as health monitoring and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhipeng Li , Kegang Wang , Hanguang Xiao , Xingyue Liu , Feizhong Zhou , Jiaxin Jiang , Tianqi Liu

Motivation: In many fMRI studies, respiratory signals are often missing or of poor quality. Therefore, it could be highly beneficial to have a tool to extract respiratory variation (RV) waveforms directly from fMRI data without the need for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Abdoljalil Addeh , Fernando Vega , Rebecca J. Williams , G. Bruce Pike , M. Ethan MacDonald

Non-invasive at-home monitoring of lung and lung airways health enables the early detection and tracking of respiratory diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Various proposed approaches estimate the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-12 Maria Nyamukuru , Kofi Odame

We present an IoT-based intelligent bed sensor system that collects and analyses respiration-associated signals for unobtrusive monitoring in the home, hospitals and care units. A contactless device is used, which contains four load sensors…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-26 Qingju Liu , Mark Kenny , Ramin Nilforooshan , Payam Barnaghi

Acquiring accurate external respiratory data during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is challenging, prompting the exploration of machine learning methods to estimate respiratory variation (RV) from fMRI data. Respiration…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-29 Abdoljalil Addeh , G. Bruce Pike , M. Ethan MacDonald

Deep learning based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has shown promising results in various vision-based applications, recently also in camera-based vital signs monitoring. The CNN-based Photoplethysmography (PPG) extraction has, so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Qi Zhan , Wenjin Wang , Gerard de Haan

This study evaluates remote Photopletismography (rPPG) algorithms, Spatial Subspace Rotation (2SR), Chrominance-based method (CHROM), Plane-Orthogonal-to-Skin (POS), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), applied to selected…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Đorđe D. Nešković , Nadica Miljković

Respiratory ailments are increasing globally at an alarming rate and are currently one of the leading factors of death and infirmity worldwide. Among respiratory diseases, those linked to poor air quality and pollutants are increasing at a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-03 Shelby Lacouture , Mitchell Kelley , Noah Plues , Laszlo Hunyadi , Emily Sundman , Annette Sobel , Robert V. Duncan

Cardiac abnormalities affecting heart rate and rhythm are commonly observed in both healthy and acutely unwell people. Although many of these are benign, they can sometimes indicate a serious health risk. ECG monitors are typically used to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-12 Stewart Whiting , Samuel Moreland , Jason Costello , Glen Colopy , Christopher McCann

This paper presents a method that estimates the respiratory rate based on the frame capturing of wireless local area networks. The method uses beamforming feedback matrices (BFMs) contained in the captured frames, which is a rotation matrix…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-04 T. Kanda , T. Sato , H. Awano , S. Kondo , K. Yamamoto

Precision in radiation therapy relies on immobilization systems that limit patient motion. Thermoplastic masks are commonly used for this purpose, but subtle voluntary and involuntary movements such as jaw shifts, deep breathing, or eye…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Ali Kourani , Naveed A. Abbasi , Syeda Narjis Fatima , Katsuyuki Haneda , Andreas F. Molisch

Hypertension is commonly referred to as the "silent killer", since it can lead to severe health complications without any visible symptoms. Early detection of hypertension is crucial in preventing significant health issues. Although some…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-07 Navid Hasanzadeh , Shahrokh Valaee , Hojjat Salehinejad

Purpose. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive technique that measures changes in blood flow volume through optical means. Previous research has established the feasibility of PPG peak detection based on the crossover of moving…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Cesar Abascal Machado , Victor O. Costa , Cesar Augusto Prior , Cesar Ramos Rodrigues

Cough is a protective reflex conveying information on the state of the respiratory system. Cough assessment has been limited so far to subjective measurement tools or uncomfortable (i.e., non-wearable) cough monitors. This limits the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Jesús Monge-Alvarez , Carlos Hoyos-Barceló , Luis M. San-José-Revuelta , Pablo Casaseca-de-la-Higuera

In this paper, we propose a system that enables photoplethysmogram (PPG)-based authentication by using a smartphone camera. PPG signals are obtained by recording a video from the camera as users are resting their finger on top of the camera…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Giulio Lovisotto , Henry Turner , Simon Eberz , Ivan Martinovic

Exploiting photoplethysmography signals (PPG) for non-invasive blood pressure (BP) measurement is interesting for various reasons. First, PPG can easily be measured using fingerclip sensors. Second, camera-based approaches allow to derive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Fabian Schrumpf , Patrick Frenzel , Christoph Aust , Georg Osterhoff , Mirco Fuchs

Objective: We propose a non-contact approach for atrial fibrillation (AF) detection from face videos. Methods: Face videos, electrocardiography (ECG), and contact photoplethysmography (PPG) from 100 healthy subjects and 100 AF patients are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Zhaodong Sun , Juhani Junttila , Mikko Tulppo , Tapio Seppänen , Xiaobai Li

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), which aims at measuring heart activities without any contact, has great potential in many applications (e.g., remote healthcare). Existing end-to-end rPPG and heart rate (HR) measurement methods from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Zitong Yu , Xiaobai Li , Xuesong Niu , Jingang Shi , Guoying Zhao