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Automatic and accurate detection of anatomical landmarks is an essential operation in medical image analysis with a multitude of applications. Recent deep learning methods have improved results by directly encoding the appearance of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Guang-Quan Zhou , Juzheng Miao , Xin Yang , Rui Li , En-Ze Huo , Wenlong Shi , Yuhao Huang , Jikuan Qian , Chaoyu Chen , Dong Ni

Cephalometric analysis is essential for the diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontics. In lateral cephalograms, however, the manual detection of anatomical landmarks is a time-consuming procedure. Deep learning solutions hold the…

Cephalometric analysis has an important role in dentistry and especially in orthodontics as a treatment planning tool to gauge the size and special relationships of the teeth, jaws and cranium. The first step of using such analyses is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-15 Mahshid Majd , Farzaneh Shoeleh

A deep neural network based cephalometric landmark identification model is proposed. Two neural networks, named patch classification and point estimation, are trained by multi-scale image patches cropped from 935 Cephalograms (of Japanese…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-10 Chonho Lee , Chihiro Tanikawa , Jae-Yeon Lim , Takashi Yamashiro

Localization of the craniofacial landmarks from lateral cephalograms is a fundamental task in cephalometric analysis. The automation of the corresponding tasks has thus been the subject of intense research over the past decades. In this…

Marking anatomical landmarks in cephalometric radiography is a critical operation in cephalometric analysis. Automatically and accurately locating these landmarks is a challenging issue because different landmarks require different levels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Runnan Chen , Yuexin Ma , Nenglun Chen , Daniel Lee , Wenping Wang

In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning framework for anatomy segmentation and automatic landmark- ing. Specifically, we focus on the challenging problem of mandible segmentation from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Neslisah Torosdagli , Denise K. Liberton , Payal Verma , Murat Sincan , Janice S. Lee , Ulas Bagci

We present a method for highly efficient landmark detection that combines deep convolutional neural networks with well established model-based fitting algorithms. Motivated by established model-based fitting methods such as active shapes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Marcin Kopaczka , Justus Schock , Dorit Merhof

Detecting 3D landmarks on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is crucial to assessing and quantifying the anatomical abnormalities in 3D cephalometric analysis. However, the current methods are time-consuming and suffer from large biases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Runnan Chen , Yuexin Ma , Nenglun Chen , Lingjie Liu , Zhiming Cui , Yanhong Lin , Wenping Wang

Accurate localization of cephalometric landmarks from 2D lateral skull X-rays is vital for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. Manual annotation is time-consuming and error-prone, whereas automated approaches often struggle with low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ahmed Jaheen , Islam Hassan , Mohanad Abouserie , Abdelaty Rehab , Adham Elasfar , Knzy Elmasry , Mostafa El-Dawlatly , Seif Eldawlatly

Purpose: Semantic segmentation and landmark detection are fundamental tasks of medical image processing, facilitating further analysis of anatomical objects. Although deep learning-based pixel-wise classification has set a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ron Keuth , Lasse Hansen , Maren Balks , Ronja Jäger , Anne-Nele Schröder , Ludger Tüshaus , Mattias Heinrich

The accurate identification and precise localization of cephalometric landmarks enable the classification and quantification of anatomical abnormalities. The traditional way of marking cephalometric landmarks on lateral cephalograms is a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-16 Muhammad Anwaar Khalid , Kanwal Zulfiqar , Ulfat Bashir , Areeba Shaheen , Rida Iqbal , Zarnab Rizwan , Ghina Rizwan , Muhammad Moazam Fraz

In current biological and medical research, statistical shape modeling (SSM) provides an essential framework for the characterization of anatomy/morphology. Such analysis is often driven by the identification of a relatively small number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Riddhish Bhalodia , Shireen Elhabian , Ladislav Kavan , Ross Whitaker

In this paper, we address the problem of automatic three-dimensional cephalometric analysis. Cephalometric analysis performed on lateral radiographs doesn't fully exploit the structure of 3D objects due to projection onto the lateral plane.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Dmitry Lachinov , Alexandra Getmanskaya , Vadim Turlapov

Cephalometric Landmark Detection is the process of identifying key areas for cephalometry. Each landmark is a single GT point labelled by a clinician. A machine learning model predicts the probability locus of a landmark represented by a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Julian Wyatt , Irina Voiculescu

We propose a novel landmarks-assisted collaborative end-to-end deep framework for automatic 4D FER. Using 4D face scan data, we calculate its various geometrical images, and afterwards use rank pooling to generate their dynamic images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Muzammil Behzad , Nhat Vo , Xiaobai Li , Guoying Zhao

Image landmark detection aims to automatically identify the locations of predefined fiducial points. Despite recent success in this field, higher-ordered structural modeling to capture implicit or explicit relationships among anatomical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Weijian Li , Yuhang Lu , Kang Zheng , Haofu Liao , Chihung Lin , Jiebo Luo , Chi-Tung Cheng , Jing Xiao , Le Lu , Chang-Fu Kuo , Shun Miao

Three-dimensional facial stereophotogrammetry provides a detailed representation of craniofacial soft tissue without the use of ionizing radiation. While manual annotation of landmarks serves as the current gold standard for cephalometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Bo Berends , Freek Bielevelt , Ruud Schreurs , Shankeeth Vinayahalingam , Thomas Maal , Guido de Jong

Facial landmarks are employed in many research areas such as facial recognition, craniofacial identification, age and sex estimation among the most important. In the forensic field, the focus is on the analysis of a particular set of facial…

Facial landmarks are highly correlated with each other since a certain landmark can be estimated by its neighboring landmarks. Most of the existing deep learning methods only use one fully-connected layer called shape prediction layer to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Zhiwen Shao , Hengliang Zhu , Xin Tan , Yangyang Hao , Lizhuang Ma
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