Related papers: Reversing a philosophy: from counting to square fu…

We show that the parabola is of strong Khintchine type for convergence, which is the first result of its kind for curves. Moreover, Jarnik type theorems are established in both the simultaneous and the dual settings, without monotonicity on…

Suppose that $(U_{n})_{n \geq 0}$ is a binary recurrence sequence and has a dominant root $\alpha$ with $\alpha>1$ and the discriminant $D$ is square-free. In this paper, we study the Diophantine equation $U_n + U_m = x^q$ in integers $n…

Recently, the authors showed that for every irrational number $\alpha$, there exist infinitely many positive integers $n$ represented by any given positive definite binary quadratic form $Q$, satisfying $||\alpha n||<n^{-(1/2-\varepsilon)}$…

We establish several new inequalities linking classical exponents of Diophantine approximation associated to a real vector $\underline{\xi}=(\xi,\xi^{2},\ldots,\xi^{N})$, in various dimensions $N$. We thereby obtain variants, and partly…

Gallagher's theorem describes the multiplicative diophantine approximation rate of a typical vector. We establish a fully-inhomogeneous version of Gallagher's theorem, a diophantine fibre refinement, and a sharp and unexpected threshold for…

We consider a variety of Euler's conjecture, i.e., whether the Diophantine system \[\begin{cases} n=a_{1}+a_{2}+\cdots+a_{s-1}, a_{1}a_{2}\cdots a_{s-1}(a_{1}+a_{2}+\cdots+a_{s-1})=b^{s} \end{cases}\] has solutions…

Diophantine approximation is the problem of approximating a real number by rational numbers. We propose a version of this in which the numerators are approximately related to the denominators by a Laurent polynomial. Our definition is…

We establish a new decoupling inequality for curves in the spirit of [B-D1], [B-D2] which implies a new mean value theorem for certain exponential sums crucial to the Bombieri-Iwaniec method as developed further in [H]. In particular, this…

We investigate decoupling, one of the most important primitives in quantum Shannon theory, by replacing the uniformly distributed random unitaries commonly used to achieve the protocol, with repeated applications of random unitaries…

We deal with the existence of quantitative estimates for solutions of mixed problems to an elliptic second order equation in divergence form with discontinuous coefficient. Our concern is to estimate the solutions with explicit constants,…

We examine exponential sums of the form $\sum_{n \le X} w(n) e^{2\pi i\alpha n^k}$, for $k=1,2$, where $\alpha$ satisfies a generalized Diophantine approximation and where $w$ are different arithmetic functions that might be multiplicative,…

We give an explicit solution formula for the polynomial regression problem in terms of Schur polynomials and Vandermonde determinants. We thereby generalize the work of Chang, Deng, and Floater to the case of model functions of the form…

While discrete harmonic functions have been objects of interest for quite some time, this is not the case for discrete polyharmonic functions, as appear for instance in the asymptotics of path counting problems. In this article, a novel…

We consider the equality of the values of the $n$th and $k$th elementary symmetric polynomials of $n$ not necessarily distinct positive integers. For $k < n$, we prove that this equation always has a solution, but only finitely many…

For any $\varepsilon > 0$ we derive effective estimates for the size of a non-zero integral point $m \in \mathbb{Z}^d \setminus \{0\}$ solving the Diophantine inequality $\lvert Q[m] \rvert < \varepsilon$, where $Q[m] = q_1 m_1^2 + \ldots +…

We describe and prove correctness of two practical algorithms for finding indecomposable summands of finitely generated modules over a finitely generated k-algebra R. The first algorithm applies in the (multi)graded case, which enables the…

We derive a closed expression for the number of nonnegative solutions of a certain system of linear Diophantine equations. The motivation comes from high energy physics where the nonnegative solutions play a crucial role in the perturbative…

In 1962, Gallagher proved an higher dimensional version of Khintchine's theorem on Diophantine approximation. Gallagher's theorem states that for any non-increasing approximation function $\psi:\mathbb{N}\to (0,1/2)$ with…

We study the critical points of the solution of second elliptic equations in divergence and diagonal form with a bounded and positive definite coefficient, under the assumption that the statement of the Hopf lemma holds (sign assumptions on…

The results of difference sequences theory are applied to analytic function theory and Diophantine equations. As a result we have the equation which connects the $n$-th derivative of a function with the difference sequence for the values of…