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We present Label Space Reduction (LSR), a novel method for improving zero-shot classification performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). LSR iteratively refines the classification label space by systematically ranking and reducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Nathan Vandemoortele , Bram Steenwinckel , Femke Ongenae , Sofie Van Hoecke

Hierarchical text classification aims to categorize each document into a set of classes in a label taxonomy, which is a fundamental web text mining task with broad applications such as web content analysis and semantic indexing. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yunyi Zhang , Ruozhen Yang , Xueqiang Xu , Rui Li , Jinfeng Xiao , Jiaming Shen , Jiawei Han

We study the application of large language models to zero-shot and few-shot classification of tabular data. We prompt the large language model with a serialization of the tabular data to a natural-language string, together with a short…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Stefan Hegselmann , Alejandro Buendia , Hunter Lang , Monica Agrawal , Xiaoyi Jiang , David Sontag

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become effective zero-shot classifiers, but their high computational requirements and environmental costs limit their practicality for large-scale annotation in high-performance computing (HPC)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 João Lucas Luz Lima Sarcinelli , Ricardo Marcondes Marcacini

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong potential across legal tasks, yet the problem of legal citation prediction remains under-explored. At its core, this task demands fine-grained contextual understanding and precise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jiuzhou Han , Paul Burgess , Ehsan Shareghi

Legal text classification is a fundamental NLP task in the legal domain. Benchmark datasets in this area often exhibit a long-tail label distribution, where many labels are underrepresented, leading to poor model performance on rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Boheng Mao

Online marketplaces, while revolutionizing global commerce, have inadvertently facilitated the proliferation of illicit activities, including drug trafficking, counterfeit sales, and cybercrimes. Traditional content moderation methods such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Quoc Khoa Tran , Thanh Thi Nguyen , Campbell Wilson

As the volume of unstructured text continues to grow across domains, there is an urgent need for scalable methods that enable interpretable organization, summarization, and retrieval of information. This work presents a unified framework…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Heba Shakeel , Tanvir Ahmad , Tanya Liyaqat , Chandni Saxena

Tagging news articles or blog posts with relevant tags from a collection of predefined ones is coined as document tagging in this work. Accurate tagging of articles can benefit several downstream applications such as recommendation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Sheng Chen , Akshay Soni , Aasish Pappu , Yashar Mehdad

Retrained large language models (LLMs) have become extensively used across various sub-disciplines of natural language processing (NLP). In NLP, text classification problems have garnered considerable focus, but still faced with some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqiang Wang , Yiran Pang , Yanbin Lin

Text classification is fundamental in Natural Language Processing (NLP), and the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized the field. This paper introduces an adaptable and reliable text classification paradigm, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zhiqiang Wang , Yiran Pang , Yanbin Lin , Xingquan Zhu

Finding a suitable job and hunting for eligible candidates are important to job seeking and human resource agencies. With the vast information about job descriptions, employees and employers need assistance to automatically detect job…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Hieu Trung Tran , Hanh Hong Phuc Vo , Son T. Luu

As a pivotal task in natural language processing, element extraction has gained significance in the legal domain. Extracting legal elements from judicial documents helps enhance interpretative and analytical capacities of legal cases, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Xue Zongyue , Liu Huanghai , Hu Yiran , Kong Kangle , Wang Chenlu , Liu Yun , Shen Weixing

In this paper, we provide an extensive analysis of multi-label intent classification using Large Language Models (LLMs) that are open-source, publicly available, and can be run in consumer hardware. We use the MultiWOZ 2.1 dataset, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Adnan Ahmad , Philine Kowol , Stefan Hillmann , Sebastian Möller

The manual, resource-intensive process of complying with the EU Taxonomy presents a significant challenge for companies. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a path to automation, research is hindered by a lack of public benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Jonathan Schmoll , Adam Jatowt

A legal document is usually long and dense requiring human effort to parse it. It also contains significant amounts of jargon which make deriving insights from it using existing models a poor approach. This paper presents the approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Anshika Gupta , Shaz Furniturewala , Vijay Kumari , Yashvardhan Sharma

This paper studies the performance of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) in text classification tasks typical for political science research. By examining tasks like stance, topic, and relevance classification, we aim to guide…

Text classification is an important task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), where the goal is to categorize text data into predefined classes. In this study, we analyse the dataset creation steps and evaluation techniques of multi-label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Elmurod Kuriyozov , Ulugbek Salaev , Sanatbek Matlatipov , Gayrat Matlatipov

Text clustering serves as a fundamental technique for organizing and interpreting unstructured textual data, particularly in contexts where manual annotation is prohibitively costly. With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Chen Huang , Guoxiu He

Extreme multi-label classification (XMLC) is a problem of tagging an instance with a small subset of relevant labels chosen from an extremely large pool of possible labels. Large label spaces can be efficiently handled by organizing labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Marek Wydmuch , Kalina Jasinska , Mikhail Kuznetsov , Róbert Busa-Fekete , Krzysztof Dembczyński