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Modular soft robots combine the strengths of two traditionally separate areas of robotics. As modular robots, they can show robustness to individual failure and reconfigurability; as soft robots, they can deform and undergo large shape…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-29 D. S. Drew , M. Devlin , E. Hawkes , S. Follmer

Animals have remarkable abilities to adapt locomotion to different terrains and tasks. However, robots trained by means of reinforcement learning are typically able to solve only a single task and a transferred policy is usually inferior to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Arsen Kuzhamuratov , Dmitry Sorokin , Alexander Ulanov , A. I. Lvovsky

Mechanical metamaterials are artifical composites that exhibit a wide range of advanced functionalities such as negative Poisson's ratio, shape-shifting, topological protection, multistability, and enhanced energy dissipation. To date, most…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-06-11 Aleksi Bossart , David M. J. Dykstra , Jop van der Laan , Corentin Coulais

One of the trendsetting themes in soft robotics has been the goal of developing the ultimate universal soft robotic gripper. One that is capable of manipulating items of various shapes, sizes, thicknesses, textures, and weights. All the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Ryo Kanno , Pham H. Nguyen , Joshua Pinskier , David Howard , Sukho Song , Mirko Kovac

Elastic metamaterials are often designed for a single permanent function. We explore the possibility of altering a material's function repeatedly through a self-organization, "training" process, controlled by applied strains. We show that…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-16 Daniel Hexner

We posit that embodied artificial intelligence is not only a computational, but also a materials problem. While the importance of material and structural properties in the control loop are well understood, materials can take an active role…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Nikolaus Correll , Christoffer Heckman

An accurate, physically-based, and differentiable model of soft robots can unlock downstream applications in optimal control. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is an expressive approach for modeling highly deformable structures such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Mathieu Dubied , Mike Michelis , Andrew Spielberg , Robert Katzschmann

Magnetic soft robots embedded with hard magnetic particles enable untethered actuation via external magnetic fields, offering remote, rapid, and precise control, which is highly promising for biomedical applications. However, designing such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Liwei Wang

Soft electrothermal actuators are of great interest in diverse application domains for their simplicity, compliance, and ease of control. However, the very nature of thermally induced mechanical actuation sets inherent operation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Hanseong Jo , Pavel Shafirin , Christopher Le , Caden Chan , Artur Davoyan

Future active metamaterials for reconfigurable structural applications require fast, untethered, reversible, and reprogrammable (multimodal) transformability with shape locking. Herein, we aim to construct and demonstrate a…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-04-17 Bihui Zou , Zihe Liang , Zhiming Cui , Kai Xiao , Shuang Shao , Jaehyung Ju

Emerging multiphysics metamaterials offer a distinct possibility for regulating complex physical processes. However, two severe constraints still lower their functionality and tunability. First, multiphysics functionality is fixed once…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-02-02 Min Lei , Liujun Xu , Jiping Huang

In recent years, soft robotics simulators have evolved to offer various functionalities, including the simulation of different material types (e.g., elastic, hyper-elastic) and actuation methods (e.g., pneumatic, cable-driven, servomotor).…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Etienne Ménager , Louis Montaut , Quentin Le Lidec , Justin Carpentier

The advantage of modular self-reconfigurable robot systems is their flexibility, but this advantage can only be realized if appropriate configurations (shapes) and behaviors (controlling programs) can be selected for a given task. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Gangyuan Jing , Tarik Tosun , Mark Yim , Hadas Kress-Gazit

Robots built from soft materials will inherently apply lower environmental forces than their rigid counterparts, and therefore may be more suitable in sensitive settings with unintended contact. However, these robots' applied forces result…

Soft robotics has emerged as a promising technology that holds great potential for various application areas. This is due to soft materials unique properties, including flexibility, safety, and shock absorption, among others. Despite many…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Andrija Milojevic , Kyrre Glette

Reconfigurable metamaterials are constructed from tessellation of deformable modules that give rise to a set of tuneable properties. To date, most research focuses on metamaterials that morph between final configurations along a single…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-02-18 Yunfang Yang , Perla Maiolino , Yan Chen , Zhong You

This study compares the propulsion of helical microrobots based on hard- and soft-magnetic elements under rotating magnetic fields. Results show that hard-magnetic microrobots achieved step-out frequencies and maximum propulsion speeds 4.5…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Joost Wijnmalen , Leon Abelmann , Iulian Apachitei

The robotics community has seen an exponential growth in the level of complexity of the theoretical tools presented for the modeling of soft robotics devices. Different solutions have been presented to overcome the difficulties related to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Costanza Armanini , Frédéric Boyer , Anup Teejo Mathew , Christian Duriez , Federico Renda

Complex and even chaotic dynamics, though prevalent in many natural and engineered systems, has been largely avoided in the design of electromechanical systems due to concerns about wear and controlability. Here, we demonstrate that complex…

Tensegrity structures are lightweight, can undergo large deformations, and have outstanding robustness capabilities. These unique properties inspired roboticists to investigate their use. However, the morphological design, control,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Davide Zappetti , Jean Marc Bejjani , Dario Floreano