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We consider damped stochastic systems in a controlled (time-varying) quadratic potential and study their transition between specified Gibbs-equilibria states in finite time. By the second law of thermodynamics, the minimum amount of work…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-03-23 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon Georgiou , Allen Tannenbaum

Diffusive motion in an externally driven potential is considered. It is shown that the distribution of work required to drive the system from an initial equilibrium state to another is Gaussian for slow but finite driving. Our result is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Thomas Speck , Udo Seifert

We reassess the concept of transition at minimum work in classical stochastic finite-time thermodynamics, when the system dynamics is modelled by a diffusion process. We show that a well-posed formulation of the optimal control problem…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-13 Paolo Muratore-Ginanneschi , Julia Sanders

The excess work required to drive a stochastic system out of thermodynamic equilibrium through a time-dependent external perturbation is directly related to the amount of entropy produced during the driving process, allowing excess work and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-15 Steven J Large , Jannik Ehrich , David A Sivak

We propose a thermodynamically consistent minimal model to study synchronization which is made of driven and interacting three-state units. This system exhibits at the mean-field level two bifurcations separating three dynamical phases: a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-12 Tim Herpich , Juzar Thingna , Massimiliano Esposito

The problem of estimating entropy production from incomplete information in stochastic thermodynamics is essential for theory and experiments. Whereas a considerable amount of work has been done on this topic, arguably, most of it is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-17 Pedro E. Harunari , Carlos E. Fiore , Andre C. Barato

Reducing work fluctuation and dissipation in heat engines or, more generally, information heat engines that perform feedback control is vital to maximize their efficiency. The same problem arises when we attempt to maximize the efficiency…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-01-06 Ken Funo , Masahito Ueda

The study of thermodynamic fluctuations allows one to relate the free energy difference between two equilibrium states with the work done on a system through processes far from equilibrium. This finding plays a crucial role in the quantum…

The optimization of the conversion of thermal energy into work and the minimization of dissipation for nano- and mesoscopic systems is a complex challenge because of the important role fluctuations play on the dynamics of small systems. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Alberto Rolandi

We review theoretical approaches to analyzing efficiency of steady state heat to work conversion which is crucial in the timely problem of optimizing efficiency of small-scale heat engines and refrigerators. A rather abstract perspective of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-19 Giuliano Benenti , Giulio Casati , Tomaz Prosen , Keiji Saito

Thermodynamic speed limits are a set of classical uncertainty relations that, so far, place global bounds on the stochastic dissipation of energy as heat and the production of entropy. Here, instead of constraints on these thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-13 Erez Aghion , Jason R. Green

We consider the problem of determining the minimal time for which an energy supply source should operate in order to supply a system with a desired amount of energy in finite time.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-12-23 Andreas Boukas

In the absence of external driving, a system exposed to thermal fluctuations will relax to equilibrium. However, the constant input of work makes it possible to counteract this relaxation, and maintain the system in a nonequilibrium steady…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-04 Jordan M. Horowitz , Kevin Zhou , Jeremy L. England

A pair of systems at different temperatures is a classic environment for a heat engine, which produces work during the relaxation to a common equilibrium. It is generally believed that a direct interaction between the two systems will…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Biological and engineered systems operate by coupling function to the transfer of heat and/or particles down a thermal or chemical gradient. In idealized \textit{deterministically} driven systems, thermodynamic control can be exerted…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-01-06 Benjamin B. Machta

We analyze how the amount of work dissipated by a fixed nonequilibrium process depends on the initial distribution over states. Specifically, we compare the amount of dissipation when the process is used with some specified initial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-22 Artemy Kolchinsky , David H. Wolpert

Performing thermodynamic tasks within finite time while minimizing thermodynamic costs is a central challenge in stochastic thermodynamics. Here, we develop a unified framework for optimizing the thermodynamic cost of performing various…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-16 Kaito Tojo , Rihito Nagase , Ken Funo , Takahiro Sagawa

Returning a system to a desired state under a force field involves a thermodynamic cost, i.e., {\it work}. This cost fluctuates for a small-scale system from one experimental realization to another. We introduce a general framework to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-12-07 Deepak Gupta , Carlos A. Plata

Work fluctuation and total entropy production play crucial roles in small thermodynamic systems subject to large thermal fluctuations. We investigate a trade-off relation between them in a nonequilibrium situation in which a system starts…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-12-15 Ken Funo , Tomohiro Shitara , Masahito Ueda

Physical systems driven away from equilibrium by an external controller dissipate heat to the environment; the excess entropy production in the thermal reservoir can be interpreted as a "cost" to transform the system in a finite time. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-31 Jérémie Klinger , Grant M. Rotskoff
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