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Condensed mathematics, developed by Clausen and Scholze over the last few years, proposes a generalization of topology with better categorical properties. It replaces the concept of a topological space by that of a condensed set, which can…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Dagur Asgeirsson

We review the basic definition of a stack and apply it to the topological and smooth settings. We then address two subtleties of the theory: the correct definition of a ``stack over a stack'' and the distinction between small stacks (which…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Metzler

We study the relation between emergent 1-form symmetries and soft photon theorems in QED. We show that in the relevant massive and massless kinematic regimes, described respectively by HQET and SCET, the soft sector admits electric and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-08 Luigi Tizzano

Traditional neural embeddings represent concepts as points, excelling at similarity but struggling with higher-level reasoning and asymmetric relationships. We introduce a novel paradigm: embedding concepts as linear subspaces. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Gabriel Moreira , Zita Marinho , Manuel Marques , João Paulo Costeira , Chenyan Xiong

We describe the connection between spontaneously-broken higher symmetries and soft theorems for scattering amplitudes of their associated Nambu-Goldstone bosons. Our main result is a new sub-leading double soft pion theorem in theories with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-24 Jonah Berean-Dutcher , Maria Derda , Julio Parra-Martinez

Sentence embeddings encode natural language sentences as low-dimensional dense vectors. A great deal of effort has been put into using sentence embeddings to improve several important natural language processing tasks. Relation extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Alexander Kalinowski , Yuan An

We introduce Besov spaces with variable smoothness and integrability by using the continuous version of Calder\`on reproducing formula. We show that our space is well-defined, i.e., independent of the choice of basis functions. We…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Douadi Drihem

In this survey we present a generalization of the notion of metric space and some applications to discrete structures as graphs, ordered sets and transition systems. Results in that direction started in the middle eighties based on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Mustapha Kabil , Maurice Pouzet

In the field of natural language processing (NLP), continuous vector representations are crucial for capturing the semantic meanings of individual words. Yet, when it comes to the representations of sets of words, the conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Sho Yokoi , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

A central problem of geometry is the tiling of space with simple structures. The classical solutions, such as triangles, squares, and hexagons in the plane and cubes and other polyhedra in three-dimensional space are built with sharp…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Gábor Domokos , Alain Goriely , Ákos G. Horváth , Krisztina Regős

Motivated by the definition of the smooth manifold structure on a suitable mapping space, we consider the general problem of how to transfer local properties from a smooth space to an associated mapping space. This leads to the notion of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-01-24 Andrew Stacey

Soft condensed matter physics is the study of materials, such as fluids, liquid crystals, polymers, colloids, and emulsions, that are ``soft" to the touch. This article will review some properties, such as the dominance of entropy, that are…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 T. C. Lubensky

In this paper, we define the concept of soft $g$-frame in soft Hilbert spaces by extending the concept of soft from frame to $g$-frame. We then show some properties of the soft $g$-frames in soft Hilbert spaces. Among other results, we show…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Sayyed Mehrab Ramezani

Based on the theory of Fermat reals we introduce new topologies on spaces of Colombeau generalized points and derive some of their fundamental properties. In particular, we obtain metric topologies on the space of near-standard generalized…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2012-01-19 Paolo Giordano , Michael Kunzinger

This paper introduces topological data analysis. Starting from notions of a metric space and some elementary graph theory, we take example sets of data and demonstrate some of their topological properties. We discuss simplicial complexes…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-04-09 Dayten Sheffar

Rough set theory is an important mathematical tool for dealing with uncertain or vague information. This paper studies some new topologies induced by a binary relation on universe with respect to neighborhood opera- tors. Moreover, the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2014-05-22 Nurettin Bagirmaz , A. Fatih Ozcan Hatice Tasbozan , Ilhan Icen

We generalize Luna's fundamental lemma to smooth morphisms between stacks with good moduli spaces. We also give a precise condition for when it holds for non-smooth morphisms and versions for coherent sheaves and complexes. This generalizes…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-08-26 David Rydh

The separation of two sets (or more specific of two cones) plays an important role in different fields of mathematics such as variational analysis, convex analysis, convex geometry, optimization. In the paper, we derive some new results for…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-04 Christian Günther , Bahareh Khazayel , Christiane Tammer

Theoretical results from discrete geometry suggest that normed spaces can abstractly embed finite metric spaces with surprisingly low theoretical bounds on distortion in low dimensions. In this paper, inspired by this theoretical insight,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Diaaeldin Taha , Wei Zhao , J. Maxwell Riestenberg , Michael Strube

Unsupervised feature learning often finds low-dimensional embeddings that capture the structure of complex data. For tasks for which prior expert topological knowledge is available, incorporating this into the learned representation may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Robin Vandaele , Bo Kang , Jefrey Lijffijt , Tijl De Bie , Yvan Saeys