English
Related papers

Related papers: Using Restart Heuristics to Improve Agent Performa…

200 papers

When training artificial intelligence for games encompassing multiple roles, the development of a generalized model capable of controlling any character within the game presents a viable option. This strategy not only conserves…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Xiaoxi Wang

We study a multi-agent decision problem in population games, where agents select from multiple available strategies and continually revise their selections based on the payoffs associated with these strategies. Unlike conventional…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Shinkyu Park

Fully autonomous teams of LLM-powered AI agents are emerging that collaborate to perform complex tasks for users. What challenges do developers face when trying to build and debug these AI agent teams? In formative interviews with five AI…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Will Epperson , Gagan Bansal , Victor Dibia , Adam Fourney , Jack Gerrits , Erkang Zhu , Saleema Amershi

How can we ensure that AI systems are aligned with human values and remain safe? We can study this problem through the frameworks of the AI assistance and the AI shutdown games. The AI assistance problem concerns designing an AI agent that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Alessio Benavoli , Alessandro Facchini , Marco Zaffalon

Adversarial reprogramming allows repurposing a machine-learning model to perform a different task. For example, a model trained to recognize animals can be reprogrammed to recognize digits by embedding an adversarial program in the digit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Yang Zheng , Xiaoyi Feng , Zhaoqiang Xia , Xiaoyue Jiang , Ambra Demontis , Maura Pintor , Battista Biggio , Fabio Roli

Autonomous agents optimize the reward function we give them. What they don't know is how hard it is for us to design a reward function that actually captures what we want. When designing the reward, we might think of some specific training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Smitha Milli , Pieter Abbeel , Stuart Russell , Anca Dragan

Optimizing artificial intelligence (AI) for dynamic environments remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning research. In this paper, we examine evolutionary training methods for optimizing AI to solve the game 2048, a 2D sliding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Maggie Bai , Ava Kim Cohen , Eleanor Koss , Charlie Lichtenbaum

When making everyday decisions, people are guided by their conscience, an internal sense of right and wrong. By contrast, artificial agents are currently not endowed with a moral sense. As a consequence, they may learn to behave immorally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika , Andy Zou , Sahil Patel , Christine Zhu , Jesus Navarro , Dawn Song , Bo Li , Jacob Steinhardt

Procedurally generated levels created by machine learning models can be unsolvable without further editing. Various methods have been developed to automatically repair these levels by enforcing hard constraints during the post-processing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Mahsa Bazzaz , Seth Cooper

In online advertising, search engines sell ad placements for keywords continuously through auctions. This problem can be seen as an infinitely repeated game since the auction is executed whenever a user performs a query with the keyword. As…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Francesco Belardinelli , Wojtek Jamroga , Vadim Malvone , Munyque Mittelmann , Aniello Murano , Laurent Perrussel

Reinforcement learning is commonly concerned with problems of maximizing accumulated rewards in Markov decision processes. Oftentimes, a certain goal state or a subset of the state space attain maximal reward. In such a case, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Pavel Osinenko , Grigory Yaremenko , Georgiy Malaniya , Anton Bolychev , Alexander Gepperth

Episodic memory lets reinforcement learning algorithms remember and exploit promising experience from the past to improve agent performance. Previous works on memory mechanisms show benefits of using episodic-based data structures for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Igor Kuznetsov , Andrey Filchenkov

In reinforcement learning, it is common to let an agent interact for a fixed amount of time with its environment before resetting it and repeating the process in a series of episodes. The task that the agent has to learn can either be to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Fabio Pardo , Arash Tavakoli , Vitaly Levdik , Petar Kormushev

This paper focuses on robotic reinforcement learning with sparse rewards for natural language goal representations. An open problem is the sample-inefficiency that stems from the compositionality of natural language, and from the grounding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Frank Röder , Manfred Eppe , Stefan Wermter

For machine agents to successfully interact with humans in real-world settings, they will need to develop an understanding of human mental life. Intuitive psychology, the ability to reason about hidden mental variables that drive observable…

Air hockey is a highly reactive game which requires the player to quickly reason over stochastic puck and contact dynamics. We implement a hierarchical framework which combines stochastic optimal control for planning shooting angles and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Julius Jankowski , Ante Marić , Sylvain Calinon

Despite their growing adoption across domains, large language model (LLM)-powered agents face significant security risks from backdoor attacks during training and fine-tuning. These compromised agents can subsequently be manipulated to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Li Changjiang , Liang Jiacheng , Cao Bochuan , Chen Jinghui , Wang Ting

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for play-testing is still on the sidelines of main applications of AI in games compared to performance-oriented game-playing. One of the main purposes of play-testing a game is gathering data on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Ivan Bravi , Simon Lucas

High sample complexity has long been a challenge for RL. On the other hand, humans learn to perform tasks not only from interaction or demonstrations, but also by reading unstructured text documents, e.g., instruction manuals. Instruction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yue Wu , Yewen Fan , Paul Pu Liang , Amos Azaria , Yuanzhi Li , Tom M. Mitchell

Few classical games have been regarded as such significant benchmarks of artificial intelligence as to have justified training costs in the millions of dollars. Among these, Stratego -- a board wargame exemplifying the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Samuel Sokota , Eugene Vinitsky , Hengyuan Hu , J. Zico Kolter , Gabriele Farina