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An improvement of Q-learning is proposed in this paper. It is different from classic Q-learning in that the similarity between different states and actions is considered in the proposed method. During the training, a new updating mechanism…

Progress in fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) has driven the pursuit of practical applications with early fault-tolerant quantum computers (EFTQC). These devices, limited in their qubit counts and fault-tolerance capabilities,…

Grammatical Error Detection and Correction (GEC) tools have proven useful for native speakers and second language learners. Developing such tools requires a large amount of parallel, annotated data, which is unavailable for most languages.…

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly integrated into education, university students preparing for English language tests are frequently shifting between traditional search engines like Google and large language models (LLMs)…

Electronic exams (e-exams) have the potential to substantially reduce the effort required for conducting an exam through automation. Yet, care must be taken to sacrifice neither task complexity nor constructive alignment nor grading…

Numerous strategies have been adopted in order to make the process of learning simple, efficient and within less amount of time.. Classroom learning is slowly replaced by E-learning and M- learning. These techniques involve the usage of…

In this study, an application that can run on Android and Windows-based mobile devices was developed to allow students attending such classes as Numerical/Digital Electronics, Logic Circuits, Basic Electronics Measurement and Electronic…

Since the inception of BERT, encoder-only Transformers have evolved significantly in computational efficiency, training stability, and long-context modeling. ModernBERT consolidates these advances by integrating Rotary Positional Embeddings…

The necessity of using a fixed-size word vocabulary in order to control the model complexity in state-of-the-art neural machine translation (NMT) systems is an important bottleneck on performance, especially for morphologically rich…

A vast amount of data is created every minute, both in the private sector and industry. Whereas it is often easy to get hold of data in the private entertainment sector, in the industrial production environment it is much more difficult due…

ICT or Information and Communication Technology has pervaded the fields of education.In recent years the term e-learning has emerged as a result of the integration of ICT in the education fields. Following the application this technology…

In this paper, we present the first automatic lexical simplification system for the Turkish language. Recent text simplification efforts rely on manually crafted simplified corpora and comprehensive NLP tools that can analyse the target…

In this paper we present an optimal Bangla Keyboard Layout, which distributes the load equally on both hands so that maximizing the ease and minimizing the effort. Bangla alphabet has a large number of letters, for this it is difficult to…

Sentence embeddings are a foundational component for semantic search, clustering, classification, and retrieval-augmented generation. This paper presents embeddingmagibu-200m, a Turkish-focused sentence embedding model that produces…

Displaying a document in Middle Eastern languages requires contextual analysis due to different presentational forms for each character of the alphabet. The words of the document will be formed by the joining of the correct positional…

With the arising concerns of privacy within machine learning, federated learning (FL) was invented in 2017, in which the clients, such as mobile devices, train a model and send the update to the centralized server. Choosing clients randomly…

Bringing the benefits of gradual typing to a language with parametric polymorphism like System F, while preserving relational parametricity, has proven extremely challenging: first attempts were formulated a decade ago, and several designs…

Euphemisms are a form of figurative language relatively understudied in natural language processing. This research extends the current computational work on potentially euphemistic terms (PETs) to Turkish. We introduce the Turkish PET…

Education artificial intelligence aims to profit tasks in the education domain such as intelligent test paper generation and consolidation exercises where the main technique behind is how to match the exercises, known as the finding similar…

Transformer based pre-trained models such as BERT and its variants, which are trained on large corpora, have demonstrated tremendous success for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Most of academic works are based on the English…