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Immersive computer graphics systems strive to generate perceptually realistic user experiences. Current-generation virtual reality (VR) displays are successful in accurately rendering many perceptually important effects, including…
Recently, extended reality (XR) displays including augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have integrated eye tracking capabilities, which could enable novel ways of interacting with XR content. The vergence angle of the eyes…
Most of current studies on human gaze and saliency modeling have used high-quality stimuli. In real world, however, captured images undergo various types of distortions during the whole acquisition, transmission, and displaying chain. Some…
Algorithms for the estimation of gaze direction from mobile and video-based eye trackers typically involve tracking a feature of the eye that moves through the eye camera image in a way that covaries with the shifting gaze direction, such…
Battery-constrained power consumption, compute limitations, and high frame rate requirements in head-mounted displays present unique challenges in the drive to present increasingly immersive and comfortable imagery in virtual reality.…
Extended reality technology has become a useful tool in many applications, but still suffers from visual deviations that can hamper the utility of the technology. This paper discusses the types of persisting visual deviations experienced…
Mobile gaze tracking involves inferring a user's gaze point or direction on a mobile device's screen from facial images captured by the device's front camera. While this technology inspires an increasing number of gaze-interaction…
In this paper, a study aimed at investigating the effects of real (using eye tracking to determine the fixation) and simulated foveated blurring in immersive Virtual Reality is presented. Techniques to reduce the optical flow perceived at…
Eye tracking is an important tool with a wide range of applications in Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality (VR/AR/MR) technologies. State-of-the-art eye tracking methods are either reflection-based and track reflections of sparse point…
With developments in computer graphics, hardware technology, perception engineering, and human-computer interaction, virtual reality and virtual environments are becoming more integrated into our daily lives. Head-mounted displays, however,…
Gaze recognition can significantly reduce the amount of eye movement data for a better understanding of cognitive and visual processing. Gaze recognition is an essential precondition for eye-based interaction applications in virtual…
Augmented reality (AR) technology provides means for embedding visualization in a real-world context. Such techniques allow situated analyses of live data in their spatial domain. However, as existing techniques have to be adapted for this…
Eye-tracking technology is an integral component of new display devices such as virtual and augmented reality headsets. Applications of gaze information range from new interaction techniques exploiting eye patterns to gaze-contingent…
Image thumbnails are a valuable data source for fixation filtering, scanpath classification, and visualization of eye tracking data. They are typically extracted with a constant size, approximating the foveated area. As a consequence, the…
A single Panorama can be drawn perspectively without distortions in arbitrary viewing directions and field-of-views when the camera position is at the origin. This is a key advantage in VR and virtual tour applications because it enables…
Change blindness is a phenomenon where an individual fails to notice alterations in a visual scene when a change occurs during a brief interruption or distraction. Understanding this phenomenon is specifically important for the technique…
Stereoscopic, head-tracked display systems can show users realistic, world-locked virtual objects and environments. However, discrepancies between the rendering pipeline and physical viewing conditions can lead to perceived instability in…
Visual perception plays a critical role in detecting changes within immersive Virtual Reality (VR) environments. However, as visual complexity increases, perceptual performance declines, making it more difficult to detect changes quickly…
Gaze estimation involves predicting where the person is looking at within an image or video. Technically, the gaze information can be inferred from two different magnification levels: face orientation and eye orientation. The inference is…
Augmented Reality (AR) see-through vision is an interesting research topic since it enables users to see through a wall and see the occluded objects. Most existing research focuses on the visual effects of see-through vision, while the…