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Semifields are semirings in which every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse. A rough classification uses the characteristic of the semifield, that is the isomorphism type of the semifield generated by the two neutral elements. For…
This is the first of a series of papers in which we initiate and develop the theory of reflection monoids, motivated by the theory of reflection groups. The main results identify a number of important inverse semigroups as reflection…
An immersion $f : {\mathcal D} \rightarrow \mathcal C$ between $\Delta$-complexes is a $\Delta$-map that induces injections from star sets of $\mathcal D$ to star sets of $\mathcal C$. We study immersions between finite-dimensional…
A completely inverse $AG^{**}$-groupoid is a groupoid satisfying the identities $(xy)z=(zy)x$, $x(yz)=y(xz)$ and $xx^{-1}=x^{-1}x$, where $x^{-1}$ is a unique inverse of $x$, that is, $x=(xx^{-1})x$ and $x^{-1}=(x^{-1}x)x^{-1}$. First we…
For a semigroup $S$, the covering number of $S$ with respect to semigroups, $\sigma_s(S)$, is the minimum number of proper subsemigroups of $S$ whose union is $S$. This article investigates covering numbers of semigroups and analogously…
We introduce a category of inverse semigroup actions and a category of \'etale groupoids. We show that there are three functors which send inverse semigroups to their spectral actions, inverse semigroup actions to their transformation…
To an inverse semigroup, we associate an \'etale groupoid such that its actions on topological spaces are equivalent to actions of the inverse semigroup. Both the object and the arrow space of this groupoid are non-Hausdorff. We show that…
Let $M$ be a cancellative and commutative monoid. A non-invertible element of $M$ is called an atom (or irreducible element) if it cannot be factored into two non-invertible elements, while an atom $a$ of $M$ is called strong if $a^n$ has a…
A half a century ago, George Bergman introduced stunning machinery which would realise any commutative conical monoid as the non-stable $K$-theory of a ring. The ring constructed is ``minimal" or ``universal". Given the success of graded…
Let $M$ be a multiplicative monoid with identity. Then I show that there is a universal one dimensional formal group law equipped with an action of $M$. If $M$ is $p$-perfect (i.e. $m\mapsto m^p$ is an isomorphism for some prime number $p$)…
We define a simple dependent type theory and prove that its well-formed types correspond exactly to finite inverse categories.
This article considers the category of commutative medial magmas with cancellation, a structure that generalizes midpoint algebras and commutative semigroups with cancellation. In this category each object admits at most one internal monoid…
Given the action of a group $G$ on a set $X$, an endomorphism of $X$ is a function $f:X \rightarrow X$ which is $G$-equivariant, that is, it commutes with the action, i.e., $f(g\cdot x)= g\cdot f(x)$, for all $x\in X$. The set of…
We introduce a class of inverse monoids, called Tarski monoids, that can be regarded as non-commutative generalizations of the unique countable, atomless Boolean algebra. These inverse monoids are related to a class of etale topological…
We generalize free monoids by defining $k$-monoids. These are nothing other than the one-vertex higher-rank graphs used in $C^{\ast}$-algebra theory with the cardinality requirement waived. The $1$-monoids are precisely the free monoids. We…
For every finite rank k, k>1, we explicitly construct (2k)! left orders on the free group F_k of rank k. Each order is induced by a word of length 2k in which each generator of F_k and its inverse appear exactly once. For each of these…
An (additive) commutative monoid is called atomic if every given non-invertible element can be written as a sum of atoms (i.e., irreducible elements), in which case, such a sum is called a factorization of the given element. The number of…
The aim of this paper is sketch a theory of divisibility and factorisation in topological monoids, where finite products are replaced by convergent products. The algebraic case can then be viewed as the special case of discretely…
We classify commutative algebraic monoid structures on normal affine surfaces over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. The answer is given in two languages: comultiplications and Cox coordinates. The result follows from a…
We study the set of monomial ideals in a polynomial ring as an ordered set, with the ordering given by reverse inclusion. We give a short proof of the fact that every antichain of monomial ideals is finite. Then we investigate ordinal…