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Dynamic atom gravimeters enable absolute gravity measurements on moving platforms. However, their performance is severely degraded due to the complex dynamic environment. This paper finds that the amplitude modulation noise (AMN) is a key…
We investigate the Randomized Stochastic Accelerated Gradient (RSAG) method, utilizing either constant or adaptive step sizes, for stochastic optimization problems with generalized smooth objective functions. Under relaxed affine variance…
We study the trade-offs between convergence rate and robustness to gradient errors in designing a first-order algorithm. We focus on gradient descent (GD) and accelerated gradient (AG) methods for minimizing strongly convex functions when…
We present an approach to experimentally evaluate gravity gradient noise, a potentially limiting noise source in advanced interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors. In addition, the method can be used to provide sub-percent…
Characterising the noise of an airborne electromagnetic (AEM) system is critical in correctly imaging the earth's subsurface conductivity. Deterministic and probabilistic geophysical inversion algorithms require foreknowledge of the system…
Twenty years of gravity observations from various satellite missions have provided unique data about mass redistribution processes in the Earth system. This paper studies the benefit of enhanced electrostatic and novel optical…
The evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems typically examines retrieval quality and generation parameters like temperature in isolation, overlooking their interaction. This work presents a systematic investigation of how…
We report the demonstration of a sensitive absolute gravity gradiometer based on light-pulse atom interference techniques. The gradiometer consists of two absolute accelerometers operated in a differential mode. We report a differential…
We investigate how the propagation of an astrophysical gravitational wave background (AGWB) is modified over cosmological volumes when considering theories beyond general relativity of the type Horndeski gravity. We first deduce an…
Diffusion models have become emerging generative models. Their sampling process involves multiple steps, and in each step the models predict the noise from a noisy sample. When the models make prediction, the output deviates from the ground…
Accelerated algorithms have broad applications in large-scale optimization, due to their generality and fast convergence. However, their stability in the practical setting of noise-corrupted gradient oracles is not well-understood. This…
We present a code that removes $\sim 90\%$ of the variance in astrometric measurements caused by atmospheric turbulence, by using Gaussian process regression (GPR) to interpolate the turbulence field from the positions of stars measured by…
The aim of this paper is to present an analytical relationship between the power spectral density of GRACE-like mission measurements and the accuracies of the gravity field coefficients mainly from the point of view of theory of signal and…
A possibility of geophysical measurements using the large scale laser interferometrical gravitational wave antenna is discussed. An interferometer with suspended mirrors can be used as a gradiometer measuring variations of an angle between…
The sensitivity of searches for astrophysical transients in data from the LIGO is generally limited by the presence of transient, non-Gaussian noise artifacts, which occur at a high-enough rate such that accidental coincidence across…
Autonomous UAV operation necessitates reliable mathematical reasoning for tasks such as trajectory planning and power management. While traditional flight control relies on hardcoded equations, recent Large Language Models (LLMs) offer…
We present significantly improved measurements of turbulent velocities in the hot gaseous halos of nearby giant elliptical galaxies. Using deep XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS ) observations and a combination of resonance…
When ambient seismic waves pass near an interferometric gravitational-wave detector, they induce density perturbations in the earth which produce fluctuating gravitational forces on the interferometer's test masses. These forces mimic a…
Flight height is a fundamental parameter for correcting the gamma signal produced by terrestrial radionuclides measured during airborne surveys. The frontiers of radiometric measurements with UAV require light and accurate altimeters flying…
High-precision mobile gravity gradiometers are very useful in geodesy and geophysics. Atom gravity gradiometers (AGGs) could be among the most accurate mobile gravity gradiometers but are currently constrained by the trade-off between…