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Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are vital for monitoring cardiac health, enabling the assessment of heart rate variability (HRV), detection of arrhythmias, and diagnosis of cardiovascular conditions. However, ECG signals recorded from wearable…
GRAVITY is the second generation VLT Interferometer (VLTI) instrument for high-precision narrow-angle astrometry and phase-referenced interferometric imaging. The laser metrology system of GRAVITY is at the heart of its astrometric mode,…
The use of the full potential of stellar seismology is made difficult by the improper modeling of the upper-most layers of solar-like stars and their influence on the modeled frequencies. Our knowledge on these \emph{surface effects} has…
Performing a stable, long duration simulation of driven MHD turbulence with a high thermal Mach number and a strong initial magnetic field is a challenge to high-order Godunov ideal MHD schemes because of the difficulty in guaranteeing…
The present study extends the analysis of turbulence-affected beam statistics through a manifold-based statistical framework that unifies probabilistic modeling with geometric interpretation. The spatial intensity distributions, distorted…
Folding uncertainty in theoretical models into Bayesian parameter estimation is necessary in order to make reliable inferences. A general means of achieving this is by marginalizing over model uncertainty using a prior distribution…
We present a method for quantifying pulse-shape instability in a train of pulses using multi-shot Second-Harmonic-Generation Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating (SHG FROG). All versions of multi-shot FROG have previously shown the ability to…
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances language models by integrating external knowledge, but its effectiveness is highly dependent on system configuration. Improper retrieval settings can degrade performance, making RAG less…
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are becoming important tools in physics research and education because they help in data analysis and complement traditional analytical methods. In this work, ANN modeling is introduced in a standard…
This paper presents a novel machine-learning framework for reconstructing low-order gust-encounter flow field and lift coefficients from sparse, noisy surface pressure measurements. Our study thoroughly investigates the time-varying…
Monitoring the in-service aerodynamic performance of airliners is critical for operational efficiency and safety, but using operational Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data for this purpose presents significant challenges. This paper first…
Colliding flows are a commonly used scenario for the formation of molecular clouds in numerical simulations. Due to the thermal instability of the warm neutral medium, turbulence is produced by cooling. We carry out a two-dimensional…
We develop two new estimators for a general class of stationary GARCH models with possibly heavy tailed asymmetrically distributed errors, covering processes with symmetric and asymmetric feedback like GARCH, Asymmetric GARCH, VGARCH and…
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are widely adopted in knowledge-intensive NLP tasks, but current evaluations often overlook the structural complexity and multi-step reasoning required in real-world scenarios. These benchmarks…
Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences provide powerful tests of general relativity (GR), but systematic errors in data analysis could lead to incorrect scientific conclusions. This issue is especially…
Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to enable Large Language Models (LLMs) perform Question Answering (QA) tasks in various domains. However, RAG based on open-source LLM for specialized domains has challenges of evaluating…
The task of estimating the gradient of a function in the presence of noise is central to several forms of reinforcement learning, including policy search methods. We present two techniques for reducing gradient estimation errors in the…
The raw outputs of the detectors within the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory need to be calibrated in order to produce the estimate of the dimensionless strain used for astrophysical analyses. The two detectors…
Gravitational wave detectors, such as KAGRA, require complex mirror suspension systems to reach high sensitivity. One particular concern in these suspensions is the presence of crackling noise, where motion of the steel crystal structure…
We investigate sources of error in acceleration statistics from Lagrangian Particle Tracking (LPT) data and demonstrate techniques to eliminate or minimise bias errors introduced during processing. Numerical simulations of particle tracking…