Related papers: Symbolic Monitoring against Specifications Paramet…
Runtime Verification deals with the question of whether a run of a system adheres to its specification. This paper studies runtime verification in the presence of partial knowledge about the observed run, particularly where input values may…
Online monitoring aims to evaluate or to predict, at runtime, whether or not the behaviors of a system satisfy some desired specification. It plays a key role in safety-critical cyber-physical systems. In this work, we propose a new…
Smart cities are revolutionizing the transportation infrastructure by the integration of technology. However, ensuring that various transportation system components are operating as expected and in a safe manner is a great challenge. In…
We study a variant of the classical membership problem in automata theory, which consists of deciding whether a given input word is accepted by a given automaton. We do so under a different perspective, that is, we consider a dynamic…
Runtime Monitoring is a lightweight and dynamic verification technique that involves observing the internal operations of a software system and/or its interactions with other external entities, with the aim of determining whether the system…
Given a log and a specification, timed pattern matching aims at exhibiting for which start and end dates a specification holds on that log. For example, "a given action is always followed by another action before a given deadline". This…
Given a log and a specification, timed pattern matching aims at exhibiting for which start and end dates a specification holds on that log. For example, "a given action is always followed by another action before a given deadline". This…
Online monitoring aims to evaluate or to predict, at runtime, whether or not the behaviors of a system satisfy some desired specification. It plays a key role in safety-critical cyber-physical systems. In this work, we propose a new…
Monitoring of a signal plays an essential role in the runtime verification of cyber-physical systems. Qualitative timed pattern matching is one of the mathematical formulations of monitoring, which gives a Boolean verdict for each…
We define two complementary approaches to monitor decentralized systems. The first relies on those with a centralized specification, i.e, when the specification is written for the behavior of the entire system. To do so, our approach…
Monitoring is an important part of the verification toolbox, in particular in situations where exhaustive verification using, e.g., model-checking is infeasible. The goal of online monitoring is to determine the satisfaction or violation of…
Verification of temporal logic properties plays a crucial role in proving the desired behaviors of continuous systems. In this paper, we propose an interval method that verifies the properties described by a bounded signal temporal logic.…
Our machines, products, utilities, and environments have long been monitored by embedded software systems. Our professional, commercial, social and personal lives are also subject to monitoring as they are mediated by software systems. Data…
Runtime Verification is a lightweight formal verification technique. It is used to verify at runtime whether the system under analysis behaves as expected. The expected behaviour is usually formally specified by means of properties, which…
This paper addresses the problem of proposing a model of norms and a framework for automatically computing their violation or fulfilment. The proposed T-NORM model can be used to express abstract norms able to regulate classes of actions…
This paper investigates the online monitoring problem for cyber-physical systems under signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. The objective is to design an online monitor that evaluates system correctness at runtime based on partial…
In concurrent and distributed systems, software components are expected to communicate according to predetermined protocols and APIs - and if a component does not observe them, the system's reliability is compromised. Furthermore, isolating…
Intruders can infer properties of a system by measuring the time it takes for the system to respond to some request of a given protocol, that is, by exploiting time side channels. These properties may help intruders distinguish whether a…
This article introduces a fully automated verification technique that permits to analyze real-time systems described using a continuous notion of time and a mixture of operational (i.e., automata-based) and descriptive (i.e., logic-based)…
In formal verification, runtime monitoring consists of observing the execution of a system in order to decide as quickly as possible whether or not it satisfies a given property. We consider monitoring in a distributed setting, for…