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Related papers: Gender differences in the equity-efficiency trade-…

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Moral alignment has emerged as a widely adopted approach for regulating the behavior of pretrained language models (PLMs), typically through fine-tuning on curated datasets. Gender stereotype mitigation is a representational task within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Guangliang Liu , Bocheng Chen , Han Zi , Xitong Zhang , Kristen Marie Johnson

Superpositions of social networks, such as communication, friendship, or trade networks, are called multiplex networks, forming the structural backbone of human societies. Novel datasets now allow quantification and exploration of multiplex…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-07-10 Michael Szell , Stefan Thurner

The observed performance difference between women and men on assessments in physics---the "gender gap"---is a significant and persistent inequity which has broad implications for the participation of women in physics. Research also shows…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-04-27 Jared B. Stang , Emily Altiere , Joss Ives , Patrick J. Dubois

This study examines gender disparities in communication research through citation metrics, authorship patterns, team composition, and faculty salaries. Using data from 62,359 papers across 121 communication journals, we find that while…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Diego F. M. Oliveira , Qian Huang

Cooperation between humans and machines is increasingly vital as artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more integrated into daily life. Research indicates that people are often less willing to cooperate with AI agents than with humans, more…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Sepideh Bazazi , Jurgis Karpus , Taha Yasseri

Although the gender gap in academia has narrowed, females are underrepresented within some fields in the USA. Prior research suggests that the imbalances between science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields may be partly due to…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Mike Thelwall , Carol Bailey , Catherine Tobin , Noel-Ann Bradshaw

Explore-and-exploit tradeoffs play a key role in recommendation systems (RSs), aiming at serving users better by learning from previous interactions. Despite their commercial success, the societal effects of explore-and-exploit mechanisms…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Omer Ben-Porat , Yotam Gafni , Or Markovetzki

Women's football is gaining supporters and practitioners worldwide, raising questions about what the differences are with men's football. While the two sports are often compared based on the players' physical attributes, we analyze the…

Applications · Statistics 2021-09-15 Luca Pappalardo , Alessio Rossi , Giuseppe Pontillo , Michela Natilli , Paolo Cintia

Digital collaborative platforms have become crucial venues of career advancement and individual success in many creative fields, from engineering to the arts. Indirect gender discrimination is a key component to gendered disadvantage on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Orsolya Vasarhelyi , Balazs Vedres

Resource allocation problems are a fundamental domain in which to evaluate the fairness properties of algorithms. The trade-offs between fairness and utilization have a long history in this domain. A recent line of work has considered…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Kate Donahue , Jon Kleinberg

Logic is one of the most male-dominated areas within the already hugely male-dominated subject of philosophy. Popular hypotheses for this disparity include a preponderance of confident, mathematically-minded male students in the classroom,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-07-17 Frederique Janssen-Lauret

Fair resource allocation is an important problem in many real-world scenarios, where resources such as goods and chores must be allocated among agents. In this survey, we delve into the intricacies of fair allocation, focusing specifically…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Shaily Mishra , Manisha Padala , Sujit Gujar

Less-salient taxes can ease the classic equality-efficiency trade-off by making people respond less to taxation. But deliberately obscuring taxes may be viewed as dishonest. This creates a three-way trade-off between equality, efficiency,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-29 Ashley Craig , Itai Sher

An increasingly large number of experiments study the labor productivity effects of automation technologies such as generative algorithms. A popular question in these experiments relates to inequality: does the technology increase output…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-30 Seth Benzell , Kyle Myers

We introduce an Interaction and Trade-off based Eco-Evolutionary Model (ITEEM), in which species are competing for common resources in a well-mixed system, and their evolution in interaction trait space is subject to a life-history…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-09-07 Farnoush Farahpour , Mohammadkarim Saeedghalati , Verena Brauer , Daniel Hoffmann

The allocation of resources among multiple agents is a fundamental problem in both economics and computer science. In these settings, fairness plays a crucial role in ensuring social acceptability and practical implementation of resource…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Hadi Hosseini , Joshua Kavner , Samarth Khanna , Sujoy Sikdar , Lirong Xia

Collective foragers, from animals to robotic swarms, must balance exploration and exploitation to locate sparse resources efficiently. While social learning is known to facilitate this balance, how the range of information sharing shapes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-25 Zexu Li , M. Amin Rahimian , Lei Fang

This paper presents a landmark study of equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in the field of sports analytics. We developed a survey that examined personal and job-related demographics, as well as individual perceptions and experiences…

This paper introduces a novel, scalable methodology to measure individual perceptions of gaps in mental load -- the cognitive and emotional burden associated with organizing household and childcare tasks -- within heterosexual couples.…

Efforts to combat continuing gender inequalities in academia need to be informed by evidence about where differences occur. Citations are relevant as potential evidence in appointment and promotion decisions, but it is unclear whether there…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Mike Thelwall