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The ability of artificial agents to increment their capabilities when confronted with new data is an open challenge in artificial intelligence. The main challenge faced in such cases is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., the tendency of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Eden Belouadah , Adrian Popescu , Ioannis Kanellos

Logic-based problems such as planning, theorem proving, or puzzles, typically involve combinatoric search and structured knowledge representation. Artificial neural networks are very successful statistical learners, however, for many years,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Gadi Pinkas , Shimon Cohen

Curriculum Learning (CL) aims to improve the outcome of model training by estimating the difficulty of samples and scheduling them accordingly. In NLP, difficulty is commonly approximated using task-agnostic linguistic heuristics or human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Vanessa Toborek , Sebastian Müller , Christian Bauckhage

The human cognitive system exhibits remarkable flexibility and generalization capabilities, partly due to its ability to form low-dimensional, compositional representations of the environment. In contrast, standard neural network…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Declan Campbell , Jonathan D. Cohen

This paper studies the unification problem with associative, commutative, and associative-commutative functions mainly from a viewpoint of the parameterized complexity on the number of variables. It is shown that both associative and…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2013-10-04 Tatsuya Akutsu , Takeyuki Tamura , Atsuhiro Takasu

Human learning relies on specialization -- distinct cognitive mechanisms working together to enable rapid learning. In contrast, most modern neural networks rely on a single mechanism: gradient descent over an objective function. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Daniel Weitekamp , Christopher MacLellan , Erik Harpstead , Kenneth Koedinger

Despite the tremendous success of deep learning in computer vision, models still fall behind humans in generalizing to new input distributions. Existing benchmarks do not investigate the specific failure points of models by analyzing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Ben Lonnqvist , Elsa Scialom , Abdulkadir Gokce , Zehra Merchant , Michael H. Herzog , Martin Schrimpf

We are entering an era in which humans will increasingly work in partnership and collaboration with artificially intelligent entities. For millennia, tools have augmented human physical and mental performance but in the coming era of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ron Fulbright

Which parts of a dataset will a given model find difficult? Recent work has shown that SGD-trained models have a bias towards simplicity, leading them to prioritize learning a majority class, or to rely upon harmful spurious correlations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Samuel J. Bell , Levent Sagun

We describe a connectionist model that attempts to capture a notion of experience-based problem solving or task learning, whereby solutions to newly encountered problems are composed from remembered solutions to prior problems. We apply…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Saul Kato

An important factor in developing control models for human-robot collaboration is how acceptable they are to their human partners. One such method for creating acceptable control models is to attempt to mimic human-like behaviour in robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Rebeka Kropivšek Leskovar , Tadej Petrič

In this paper we explore how concepts of high-dimensional data compression via random projections onto lower-dimensional spaces can be applied for tractable simulation of certain dynamical systems modeling complex interactions. In such…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-11-08 Massimo Fornasier , Jan Haskovec , Jan Vybiral

Mathematical reasoning is one of the most impressive achievements of human intellect but remains a formidable challenge for artificial intelligence systems. In this work we explore whether modern deep learning architectures can learn to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Samuel Cognolato , Alberto Testolin

Compositionality is a pivotal property of symbolic reasoning. However, how well recent neural models capture compositionality remains underexplored in the symbolic reasoning tasks. This study empirically addresses this question by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Keito Kudo , Yoichi Aoki , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Ana Brassard , Masashi Yoshikawa , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

Large-scale Transformer models are known for their exceptional performance in a range of tasks, but training them can be difficult due to the requirement for communication-intensive model parallelism. One way to improve training speed is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Song Bian , Dacheng Li , Hongyi Wang , Eric P. Xing , Shivaram Venkataraman

Compared with constraint satisfaction problems, counting problems have received less attention. In this paper, we survey research works on the problems of counting the number of solutions to constraints. The constraints may take various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Jian Zhang , Cunjing Ge , Feifei Ma

While the SLIM approach obtained high ranking-accuracy in many experiments in the literature, it is also known for its high computational cost of learning its parameters from data. For this reason, we focus in this paper on variants of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Harald Steck

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various tasks but struggle with simple arithmetic, such as addition of two or more operands. We show that this struggle arises from LLMs' use of a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Tanja Baeumel , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

Complex machine learning models are deployed in several critical domains including healthcare and autonomous vehicles nowadays, albeit as functional black boxes. Consequently, there has been a recent surge in interpreting decisions of such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Zijian Zhang , Jaspreet Singh , Ujwal Gadiraju , Avishek Anand

Humans appear to represent objects for intuitive physics with coarse, volumetric bodies'' that smooth concavities - trading fine visual details for efficient physical predictions - yet their internal structure is largely unknown.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Andrey Gizdov , Andrea Procopio , Yichen Li , Daniel Harari , Tomer Ullman