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Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have become incredibly powerful in generating synthetic images. Of particular concern are generated images that resemble photographs as they aspire to represent real world events. Synthetic photographs may…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Melanie Mathys , Marco Willi , Raphael Meier

Deepfake detection automatically recognizes the manipulated medias through the analysis of the difference between manipulated and non-altered videos. It is natural to ask which are the top performers among the existing deepfake detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Chenhao Lin , Jingyi Deng , Pengbin Hu , Chao Shen , Qian Wang , Qi Li

The continually advancing quality of deepfake technology exacerbates the threats of disinformation, fraud, and harassment by making maliciously-generated synthetic content increasingly difficult to distinguish from reality. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jack Richings , Margaux Leblanc , Ian Groves , Victoria Nockles

Facial forgery methods such as deepfakes can be misused for identity manipulation and spreading misinformation. They have evolved alongside advancements in generative AI, leading to new and more sophisticated forgery techniques that diverge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Nadarasar Bahavan , Sachith Seneviratne , Sanjay Saha , Ken Chen , Sanka Rasnayaka , Saman Halgamuge

Advances in face synthesis have raised alarms about the deceptive use of synthetic faces. Can synthetic identities be effectively used to fool human observers? In this paper, we introduce a study of the human perception of synthetic faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Bingyu Shen , Brandon RichardWebster , Alice O'Toole , Kevin Bowyer , Walter J. Scheirer

Easy access to audio-visual content on social media, combined with the availability of modern tools such as Tensorflow or Keras, open-source trained models, and economical computing infrastructure, and the rapid evolution of deep-learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Momina Masood , Marriam Nawaz , Khalid Mahmood Malik , Ali Javed , Aun Irtaza

In this work, we assess the theoretical limitations of determining guaranteed stability and accuracy of neural networks in classification tasks. We consider classical distribution-agnostic framework and algorithms minimising empirical risks…

Some consider large-scale language models that can generate long and coherent pieces of text as dangerous, since they may be used in misinformation campaigns. Here we formulate large-scale language model output detection as a hypothesis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Lav R. Varshney , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Richard Socher

In this paper, we propose to utilize Automated Machine Learning to adaptively search a neural architecture for deepfake detection. This is the first time to employ automated machine learning for deepfake detection. Based on our explored…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Ping Liu , Yuewei Lin , Yang He , Yunchao Wei , Liangli Zhen , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Jingen Liu

The generation of high-quality images has become widely accessible and is a rapidly evolving process. As a result, anyone can generate images that are indistinguishable from real ones. This leads to a wide range of applications, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Sergey Sinitsa , Ohad Fried

With the rapid progress of generation technology, it has become necessary to attribute the origin of fake images. Existing works on fake image attribution perform multi-class classification on several Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Tianyun Yang , Ziyao Huang , Juan Cao , Lei Li , Xirong Li

Deepfake is content or material that is synthetically generated or manipulated using artificial intelligence (AI) methods, to be passed off as real and can include audio, video, image, and text synthesis. This survey has been conducted with…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Zahra Khanjani , Gabrielle Watson , Vandana P. Janeja

An important aspect of developing reliable deep learning systems is devising strategies that make these systems robust to adversarial attacks. There is a long line of work that focuses on developing defenses against these attacks, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Darshan Thaker , Paris Giampouras , René Vidal

Deep neural networks have become remarkably good at producing realistic deepfakes, images of people that (to the untrained eye) are indistinguishable from real images. Deepfakes are produced by algorithms that learn to distinguish between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Terence Broad , Frederic Fol Leymarie , Mick Grierson

Recent advances in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have led to the creation of realistic-looking digital images that pose a major challenge to their detection by humans or computers. GANs are used in a wide range of tasks, from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-22 Michael Goebel , Lakshmanan Nataraj , Tejaswi Nanjundaswamy , Tajuddin Manhar Mohammed , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , B. S. Manjunath

Due to the rising threat of deepfakes to security and privacy, it is most important to develop robust and reliable detectors. In this paper, we examine the need for high-quality samples in the training datasets of such detectors.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Arian Beckmann , Anna Hilsmann , Peter Eisert

Deepfakes are on the rise, with increased sophistication and prevalence allowing for high-profile social engineering attacks. Detecting them in the wild is therefore important as ever, giving rise to new approaches breaking benchmark…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Guy Levy , Nathan Liebmann

In the past decades, the excessive use of the last-generation GAN (Generative Adversarial Networks) models in computer vision has enabled the creation of artificial face images that are visually indistinguishable from genuine ones. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Ehsan Nowroozi , Mauro Conti , Yassine Mekdad

The rapid advancement of deepfake technology has significantly elevated the realism and accessibility of synthetic media. Emerging techniques, such as diffusion-based models and Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), alongside enhancements in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Md. Tarek Hasan , Sanjay Saha , Shaojing Fan , Swakkhar Shatabda , Terence Sim

As neural networks become able to generate realistic artificial images, they have the potential to improve movies, music, video games and make the internet an even more creative and inspiring place. Yet, the latest technology potentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Moritz Wolter , Felix Blanke , Raoul Heese , Jochen Garcke