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Photon detectors featuring single-photon sensitivity play a crucial role in various scientific domains, including high-energy physics, astronomy, and quantum optics. Fast response time, high quantum efficiency, and minimal dark counts are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-06-27 Mohamed Boukhicha , Thomas Y. Tsang , Gabriele Giacomini , Amir M. Dabiran , Luca Cultrera

We propose a novel design of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs), which combines the advantages of multi-stage avalanche SNAPs to lower the avalanche current I_AV and that of series-SNAPs to reduce the reset time. As…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-12-20 Risheng Cheng , Menno Poot , Xiang Guo , Linran Fan , Hong X. Tang

PIXELATED geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes(PPDs), often called silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are emerging as an excellent replacement for traditional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in a variety of detectors, especially those for subatomic…

We present the design, construction, and performance of a facility for the characterization of Silicon Avalanche Photodiodes in the operating temperature range between -2 $^\circ$C and 25 $^\circ$C. The system can simultaneously measure up…

Ultraviolet single-photon detector (UVSPD) provides a key tool for the applications requiring ultraweak light detection in the wavelength band. Here, we report a 4H-SiC single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) based free-running UVSPD with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-03-14 Chao Yu , Tianyi Li , Xian-Song Zhao , Hai Lu , Rong Zhang , Feihu Xu , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Traditional CMOS sensors suffer from restricted dynamic range and sub optimal performance under extreme lighting conditions. They are affected by electronic noise in low light conditions and pixel saturation while capturing high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-18 Sumit Sharma , Girish Rongali , Kaushik Mitra

Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) represent a cutting-edge imaging technology, capable of detecting individual photons with remarkable timing precision. Building on this sensitivity, Single Photon Cameras (SPCs) enable image capture at…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Sumit Sharma , Gopi Raju Matta , Kaushik Mitra

Gated quenched SPAD detectors are widely used in quantum communication and quantum computing setups employing high-repetition-rate lasers. Here, we present a novel scheme for high-repetition-rate (100 MHz) sine-wave gated SPADs, based on…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with near-unity system efficiency is a key enabling, but still elusive technology for numerous quantum fundamental theory verifications and quantum information applications. The key…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-12-30 Peng Hu , Hao Li , Lixing You , Heqing Wang , You Xiao , Jia Huang , Xiaoyan Yang , Weijun Zhang , Zhen Wang , Xiaoming Xie

The heteroepitaxy of III-V semiconductors on silicon is a promising approach for making silicon a photonic platform for on-chip optical interconnects and quantum optical applications. Monolithic integration of both material systems is a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 M. Wiesner , W. -M. Schulz , C. Kessler , M. Reischle , R. Rossbach , M. Jetter , P. Michler

Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) are detectors sensitive to single photons that are used to detect scintillation and Cherenkov light in a variety of physics and medical-imaging applications. SiPMs measure single photons by amplifying the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-23 G. Gallina , F. Retiere , P. Giampa , J. Kroeger , P. Margetak , S. Byrne Mamahit , A. De St. Croix , F. Edaltafar , N. Massacret , M. Ward , G. Zhang

Advanced quantum information science and technology (QIST) applications place exacting de- mands on optical components. Quantum waveguide circuits offer a route to scalable QIST on a chip. Superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 C. M. Natarajan , A. Peruzzo , S. Miki , M. Sasaki , Z. Wang , B. Baek , S. Nam , R. H. Hadfield , J. L. O'Brien

Experiments at synchrotron radiation sources and X-ray Free-Electron Lasers in the soft X-ray energy range ($250$eV--$2$keV) stand to benefit from the adaptation of the hybrid silicon detector technology for low energy photons. Inverse Low…

We characterize a near-infrared single-photon detector based on an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode and the self-differencing post-processing technique. It operates at gate rates of 200 MHz and higher. The compact, integrated design employs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Chris Healey , Itzel Lucio-Martinez , Michael R. E. Lamont , Xiaofan Mo , Wolfgang Tittel

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are the semiconducting analogue of photomultiplier tubes offering very high internal current gain and fast response. APDs are interesting for a wide range of applications in communications1, laser ranging2,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-13 Oriol Lopez-Sanchez , Dumitru Dumcenco , Edoardo Charbon , Andras Kis

We propose a scheme for infrared single-photon detection based on two-photon absorption at room-temperature in Si avalanche photodiodes, where the detected photon's energy is lower than the bandgap and the energy difference is complemented…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-02-14 Alex Hayat , Pavel Ginzburg , Meir Orenstein

We present a gated silicon single photon detector based on a commercially available avalanche photodiode. Our detector achieves a photon detection efficiency of 45\pm5% at 808 nm with 2x 10^-6 dark count per ns at -30V of excess bias and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 T. Lunghi , E. Pomarico , C. Barreiro , D. Stucki , B. Sanguinetti , H. Zbinden

This study presents an efficient field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of a polynomial spline function-based statistical compression algorithm designed to address the critical challenge of massive data transfer bandwidth in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Zhenya Zang , Mike Davies , Istvan Gyongy

Single-photon detectors based on avalanche photodiodes (SPAD) are key elements of many modern highly sensitive optical systems. One of the bottlenecks of such detectors is a afterpulsing effect which limits a detection rate and requires an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-23 M. A. Smirnov , N. S. Perminov , R. R. Nigmatullin , A. A. Talipov , S. A. Moiseev

We present an analog silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based on a standard 55 nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. The SiPM is composed of 16$\times$16 single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and measures 0.29$\times$0.32 mm$^2$. Each SPAD…

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