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An explicit algorithm is presented for testing whether two non-directed graphs are isomorphic or not. It is shown that for a graph of n vertices, the number of n independent operations needed for the test is polynomial in n. A proof that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Moshe Schwartz

We show that certain digraphs with the same vertex set but different arc sets have the same sum over the weights of all arborescences with a given root vertex. We relate our results to the Matrix-Tree Theorem and show how they provide a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Sayani Ghosh , Bradley S. Meyer

We provide a unified, elementary, topological approach to the classical results stating the continuity of the complex roots of a polynomial with respect to its coefficients, and the continuity of the coefficients with respect to the roots.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-06-11 Branko Ćurgus , Vania Mascioni

This paper surveys a comprehensive, although not exhaustive, sampling of graph polynomials with the goal of providing a brief overview of a variety of techniques defining a graph polynomial and then for decoding the combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-07-01 Joanna Ellis-Monaghan , Criel Merino

In this paper, we examine roots of graph polynomials where those roots can be considered as structural graph measures. More precisely, we prove analytical results for the roots of certain modified graph polynomials and also discuss…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Simon Brezovnik , Matthias Dehmer , Niko Tratnik , Petra Žigert Pleteršek

The theory of graphons has proven to be a powerful tool in many areas of graph theory. In this paper, we introduce several foundational aspects of the theory of digraphons -- asymmetric two-variable functions that arise as limits of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Jan Hladký , Petr Savický

Some years ago, the harmonic polynomial was introduced in order to understand better the harmonic topological index; for instance, it allows to obtain bounds of the harmonic index of the main products of graphs. Here, we obtain several…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-06 Walter Carballosa , Juan E. Nápoles , J. M Rodríguez , Omar Rosario , J. M. Sigarreta

Given a graph $G$ of order $n$, the $\sigma$-$polynomial$ of $G$ is the generating function $\sigma(G,x) = \sum a_{i}x^{i}$ where $a_{i}$ is the number of partitions of the vertex set of $G$ into $i$ nonempty independent sets. Such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Jason Brown , Aysel Erey

Given a polynomial f and a finite field F one can construct a directed graph where the vertices are the values in the finite field, and emanating from each vertex is an edge joining the vertex to its image under f. When f is a Chebyshev…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-05 T. Alden Gassert

We prove that the inclusion from oriented graph complex into graph complex with at least one source is a quasi-isomorphism, showing that homology of the "sourced" graph complex is also equal to the homology of standard Kontsevich's graph…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-02-14 Marko Živković

In this paper, we show that the solution to a large class of "tiling" problems is given by a polynomial sequence of binomial type. More specifically, we show that the number of ways to place a fixed set of polyominos on an $n\times n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-28 Jon Schneider

We study functional graphs generated by several quadratic polynomials, acting simultaneously on a finite field of odd characteristic. We obtain several results about the number of leaves in such graphs. In particular, in the case of graphs…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-03 Bernard Mans , Min Sha , Igor E. Shparlinski , Daniel Sutantyo

In this paper it is shown that it is possible to associate several polynomial ideals to a directed graph $D$ in order to find properties of it. In fact by using algebraic tools it is possible to give appropriate procedures for automatic…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Giuseppa Carrá Ferro , Daniela Ferrarello

A polynomial algorithm for graphs' isomorphism testing is constructed in assumption that there exists a corresponding polynomial algorithm for graphs with trivial automorphism group.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aleksandr Golubchik

We present an elementary proof of a generalization of Kirchoff's matrix tree theorem to directed, weighted graphs. The proof is based on a specific factorization of the Laplacian matrices associated to the graphs, which only involves the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-30 Patrick De Leenheer

Inspired by Viennot's observation that matching polynomials are numerators of branched continued fractions we present a proof of the Heilmann-Lieb Theorem.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-27 Thomás Jung Spier

In this paper I survey the sources of inspiration for my own and co-authored work in trying to develop a general theory of graph polynomials. I concentrate on meta-theorems, i.e., theorem which depend only on the form infinite classes of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Johann A. Makowsky

Let C be some class of objects equipped with a set of simplifying moves. When we apply these to a given object M in C as long as possible, we get a root of M. Our main result is that under certain conditions the root of any object exists…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-04-10 Cynthia Hog-Angeloni , Sergei Matveev

In a series of three papers we develop an end space theory for directed graphs. As for undirected graphs, the ends of a digraph are points at infinity to which its rays converge. Unlike for undirected graphs, some ends are joined by limit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Carl Bürger , Ruben Melcher

We present a theorem about irreducibility of a polynomial that is the resultant of two others polynomials. The proof of this fact is based on the field theory. We also consider the converse theorem and some examples.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2018-01-18 Beata Hejmej