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Mutually unbiased bases (MUB) have many applications in quantum information processing and quantum cryptography. Several complex MUB's in $\mathbb{C}^d$ for some dimension $d$ and with larger size have been constructed. On the other hand,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Minghui Yang , Aixian Zhang , Jiejing Wen , Keqin Feng

The study of Mutually Unbiased Bases continues to be developed vigorously, and presents several challenges in the Quantum Information Theory. Two orthonormal bases in $\mathbb C^d, B {and} B'$ are said mutually unbiased if $\forall b\in B,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-12 M. Combescure

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) are a primitive used in quantum information processing to capture the principle of complementarity. While constructions of maximal sets of d+1 such bases are known for systems of prime power dimension d, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Andreas Klappenecker , Martin Roetteler

This is a review of the problem of Mutually Unbiased Bases in finite dimensional Hilbert spaces, real and complex. Also a geometric measure of "mubness" is introduced, and applied to some recent calculations in six dimensions (partly done…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Ingemar Bengtsson

Mutually unbiased bases of a Hilbert space can be constructed by partitioning a unitary error basis. We consider this construction when the unitary error basis is a nice error basis. We show that the number of resulting mutually unbiased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Aschbacher , Andrew M. Childs , Pawel Wocjan

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) and symmetric informationally complete projectors (SICs) are crucial to many conceptual and practical aspects of quantum theory. Here, we develop their role in quantum nonlocality by: i) introducing families…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-12 Armin Tavakoli , Máté Farkas , Denis Rosset , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Jędrzej Kaniewski

Constructing four six-dimensional mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) is an open problem in quantum physics and measurement. We investigate the existence of four MUBs including the identity, and a complex Hadamard matrix (CHM) of Schmidt rank…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Mengyao Hu , Yize Sun , Lin Chen

Certifying entanglement is an important step in the development of many quantum technologies, especially for higher-dimensional systems, where entanglement promises increased capabilities for quantum communication and computation. A key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Nicky Kai Hong Li , Marcus Huber , Nicolai Friis

This short note highlights the most prominent mathematical problems and physical questions associated with the existence of the maximum sets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in the Hilbert space of a given dimension

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 H. C. Rosu , M. Planat , M. Saniga

In this paper, we explore the concept of Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) in discrete quantum systems. It is known that for dimensions $d$ that are powers of prime numbers, there exists a set of up to $d+1$ bases that form an MUB set.…

In dimension $d$, Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) are a collection of orthonormal bases over $\mathbb{C}^d$ such that for any two vectors $v_1, v_2$ belonging to different bases, the scalar product $|\braket{v_1|v_2}| = \frac{1}{\sqrt{d}}$.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Ajeet Kumar , Subhamoy Maitra , Somjit Roy

Analogous to the notion of mutually unbiased bases for Hilbert spaces, we consider mutually unbiased unitary bases (MUUB) for the space of operators, $M(d, \mathbb{C})$, acting on such Hilbert spaces. The notion of MUUB reflects the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-21 Rinie N. M. Nasir , Jesni Shamsul Shaari , Stefano Mancini

Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) are closely connected with quantum physics, and the structure has a rich mathematical background. We provide equivalent criteria for extending a set of MUBs for $C^n$ by studying real points of a certain…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Arindam Banerjee , Kanoy Kumar Das , Ajeet Kumar , Rakesh Kumar , Subhamoy Maitra

Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) constitute a fundamental geometric structure in quantum theory, known for providing an optimal measurement scheme for quantum state tomography. In prime and prime-power dimensions, analytical constructions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Buğra Gültekin , Solomon B. Samuel , Zafer Gedik

Mutually unbiased measurements are a generalization of mutually unbiased bases in which the measurement operators need not to be rank one projectors. In a $d$-dimension space, the purity of measurement elements ranges from $1/d$ for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 Mahdi Salehi , Seyed Javad Akhtarshenas , Mohsen Sarbishaei , Hakimeh Jaghouri

Construction of a large class of Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) for non-prime power composite dimensions ($d = k\times s$) is a long standing open problem, which leads to different construction methods for the class Approximate MUBs (AMUBs)…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ajeet Kumar , Subhamoy Maitra

One of the essential features of quantum mechanics is that most pairs of observables cannot be measured simultaneously. This phenomenon is most strongly manifested when observables are related to mutually unbiased bases. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 M. Wiesniak , T. Paterek , A. Zeilinger

We propose a class of incompatibility measures for quantum observables based on quantifying the effect of a measurement of one observable on the statistics of the outcomes of another. Specifically, for a pair of observables $A$ and $B$ with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-30 Prabha Mandayam , M. D. Srinivas

We provide a construction of sets of (d/2+1) mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in dimensions d=4,8 using maximal commuting classes of Pauli operators. We show that these incomplete sets cannot be extended further using the operators of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-05 Prabha Mandayam , Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay , Markus Grassl , William K. Wootters

We study entanglement witness and present a construction of entanglement witnesses in terms of the mutually unbiased measurements (MUMs). These witnesses include the entanglement witnesses constructed from mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-05 Tao Li , Le-Min Lai , Shao-Ming Fei , Zhi-Xi Wang