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Neuroimaging data, particularly from techniques like MRI or PET, offer rich but complex information about brain structure and activity. To manage this complexity, latent representation models - such as Autoencoders, Generative Adversarial…

Classification of EEG signals using shallow Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is a prevalent and successful approach across a variety of fields. Most of these models use independent one-dimensional (1D) convolutional layers along the…

Explaining black-box Artificial Intelligence (AI) models is a cornerstone for trustworthy AI and a prerequisite for its use in safety critical applications such that AI models can reliably assist humans in critical decisions. However,…

The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a powerful method to understand how the brain processes speech. Linear models have recently been replaced for this purpose with deep neural networks and yield promising results. In related EEG…

The detection of pilots' mental states is critical, as abnormal mental states have the potential to cause catastrophic accidents. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using deep learning techniques to classify different fatigue…

Prototype learning is widely used in face recognition, which takes the row vectors of coefficient matrix in the last linear layer of the feature extraction model as the prototypes for each class. When the prototypes are updated using the…

This thesis addresses the technical challenges of applying machine learning to understand and interpret medical audio signals. The sounds of our lungs, heart, and voice convey vital information about our health. Yet, in contemporary…

Deep generative models like VAEs and diffusion models have advanced various generation tasks by leveraging latent variables to learn data distributions and generate high-quality samples. Despite the field of explainable AI making strides in…

Lung ultrasound imaging is reaching growing interest from the scientific community. On one side, thanks to its harmlessness and high descriptive power, this kind of diagnostic imaging has been largely adopted in sensitive applications, like…

Deep time series models continue to improve predictive performance, yet their deployment remains limited by their black-box nature. In response, existing interpretability approaches in the field keep focusing on explaining the internal…

Pretrained transformer-based Language Models (LMs) are well-known for their ability to achieve significant improvement on NLP tasks, but their black-box nature, which leads to a lack of interpretability, has been a major concern. My…

The ability to interpret machine learning model decisions is critical in such domains as healthcare, where trust in model predictions is as important as their accuracy. Inspired by the development of prototype parts-based deep neural…

Deep learning time-series models are often used to make forecasts that inform downstream decisions. Since these decisions can differ from those in the training set, there is an implicit requirement that time-series models will generalize…

Explainable Artificial Intelligence has gained significant attention due to the widespread use of complex deep learning models in high-stake domains such as medicine, finance, and autonomous cars. However, different explanations often…

Categories can be represented at different levels of abstraction, from prototypes focused on the most typical members to remembering all observed exemplars of the category. These representations have been explored in the context of…

Learning deep representations to solve complex machine learning tasks has become the prominent trend in the past few years. Indeed, Deep Neural Networks are now the golden standard in domains as various as computer vision, natural language…

Despite the popularisation of machine learning models, more often than not, they still operate as black boxes with no insight into what is happening inside the model. There exist a few methods that allow to visualise and explain why a model…

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals serve as a powerful tool in affective Brain-Computer Interfaces (aBCIs) and play a crucial role in affective computing. In recent years, the introduction of deep learning techniques has significantly…

Deep learning provides an excellent avenue for optimizing diagnosis and patient monitoring for clinical-based applications, which can critically enhance the response time to the onset of various conditions. For cardiovascular disease, one…

Acceleration of machine learning research in healthcare is challenged by lack of large annotated and balanced datasets. Furthermore, dealing with measurement inaccuracies and exploiting unsupervised data are considered to be central to…