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We present an algorithm for computing evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs) in symmetric perfect-recall extensive-form games of imperfect information. Our main algorithm is for two-player games, and we describe how it can be extended to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Sam Ganzfried

Quantum entanglement is known to provide a strong advantage in many two-party distributed tasks. We investigate the question of how much entanglement is needed to reach optimal performance. For the first time we show that there exists a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 Laura Mančinska , Thomas Vidick

Two-player games such as board games have long been used as traditional benchmarks for reinforcement learning. This work revisits a policy optimization method with reverse Kullback-Leibler regularization and entropy regularization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kazuki Ota , Takayuki Osa , Motoki Omura , Tatsuya Harada

We study a class of two-player zero-sum stochastic games known as \textit{blind stochastic games}, where players neither observe the state nor receive any information about it during the game. A central concept for analyzing long-duration…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Krishnendu Chatterjee , David Lurie , Raimundo Saona , Bruno Ziliotto

We consider finite-state concurrent stochastic games, played by k>=2 players for an infinite number of rounds, where in every round, each player simultaneously and independently of the other players chooses an action, whereafter the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-09 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Kristoffer Arnsfelt Hansen , Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen

A pseudo-telepathy game is a nonlocal game which can be won with probability one using some finite-dimensional quantum strategy but not using a classical one. Our central question is whether there exist two-party pseudo-telepathy games…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Laura Mančinska

We consider the coalition formation games with an additional component, `noisy preferences'. Moreover, such noisy preferences are available only for a sample of coalitions. We propose a multiplicative noise model and obtain the prediction…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Prashant Trivedi , Nandyala Hemachandra

We introduce quantum XOR games, a model of two-player one-round games that extends the model of XOR games by allowing the referee's questions to the players to be quantum states. We give examples showing that quantum XOR games exhibit a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-23 Oded Regev , Thomas Vidick

The non-local game scenario provides a powerful framework to study the limitations of classical and quantum correlations, by studying the upper bounds of the winning probabilities those correlations offer in cooperation games where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-07 Ricardo Faleiro

This paper studies the complexity of solving two classes of non-cooperative games in a distributed manner in which the players communicate with a set of system nodes over noisy communication channels. The complexity of solving each game…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Ehsan Nekouei , Girish N. Nair , Tansu Alpcan , Robin J. Evans

This paper studies two-player zero-sum stochastic Bayesian games where each player has its own dynamic state that is unknown to the other player. Using typical techniques, we provide the recursive formulas and sufficient statistics in both…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Nabiha Nasir Orpa , Lichun Li

We study the problem of approximating the commuting-operator value of a two-player non-local game. It is well-known that it is $\mathrm{NP}$-complete to decide whether the classical value of a non-local game is 1 or $1- \epsilon$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-29 Matthew Coudron , William Slofstra

We consider turn-based stochastic two-player games with a combination of a parity condition that must hold surely, that is in all possible outcomes, and of a parity condition that must hold almost-surely, that is with probability 1. The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Laurent Doyen , Shibashis Guha

Unlike Poker where the action space $\mathcal{A}$ is discrete, differential games in the physical world often have continuous action spaces not amenable to discrete abstraction, rendering no-regret algorithms with…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Mukesh Ghimire , Zhe Xu , Yi Ren

In the standard approach to quantum games, players' moves are local unitary transformations on an entangled state that is subsequently measured. Players' payoffs are then obtained as expected values of the entries in the payoff matrix of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Azhar Iqbal , Derek Abbott

Reinforcement-based learning dynamics may exhibit several limitations when applied in a distributed setup. In (repeatedly-played) multi-player/action strategic-form games, and when each player applies an independent copy of the learning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Georgios C. Chasparis

Turn-based discounted-sum games are two-player zero-sum games played on finite directed graphs. The vertices of the graph are partitioned between player 1 and player 2. Plays are infinite walks on the graph where the next vertex is decided…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Ali Asadi , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Raimundo Saona , Jakub Svoboda

Policy gradient methods have become a staple of any single-agent reinforcement learning toolbox, due to their combination of desirable properties: iterate convergence, efficient use of stochastic trajectory feedback, and theoretically-sound…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Mingyang Liu , Gabriele Farina , Asuman Ozdaglar

In this work we construct tests that allow a classical user to certify high dimensional entanglement in uncharacterized and possibly noisy quantum devices. We present a family of non-local games $\{G_n\}$ that for all $n$ certify states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Rotem Arnon , Henry Yuen

We consider a class of nonlocal games that are related to binary constraint systems (BCSs) in a manner similar to the games implicit in the work of Mermin [N.D. Mermin, "Simple unified form for the major no-hidden-variables theorems," Phys.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-17 Richard Cleve , Rajat Mittal