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Majorana zero mode is an exotic quasi-particle excitation with non-Abelian statistics in topological superconductor systems, and can serve as the cornerstone for topological quantum computation, a new type of fault-tolerant quantum…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-04-27 Xianxin Wu , Rui-Xing Zhang , Gang Xu , Jiangping Hu , Chao-Xing Liu

Majorana zero modes are expected to arise in semiconductor-superconductor hybrid systems, with potential topological quantum computing applications. One limitation of this approach is the need for a relatively high external magnetic field…

We describe a concrete device roadmap towards a fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture based on noise-resilient, topologically protected Majorana-based qubits. Our roadmap encompasses four generations of devices: a single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 David Aasen , Morteza Aghaee , Zulfi Alam , Mariusz Andrzejczuk , Andrey Antipov , Mikhail Astafev , Lukas Avilovas , Amin Barzegar , Bela Bauer , Jonathan Becker , Juan M. Bello-Rivas , Umesh Bhaskar , Alex Bocharov , Srini Boddapati , David Bohn , Jouri Bommer , Parsa Bonderson , Jan Borovsky , Leo Bourdet , Samuel Boutin , Tom Brown , Gary Campbell , Lucas Casparis , Srivatsa Chakravarthi , Rui Chao , Benjamin J. Chapman , Sohail Chatoor , Anna Wulff Christensen , Patrick Codd , William Cole , Paul Cooper , Fabiano Corsetti , Ajuan Cui , Wim van Dam , Tareq El Dandachi , Sahar Daraeizadeh , Adrian Dumitrascu , Andreas Ekefjärd , Saeed Fallahi , Luca Galletti , Geoff Gardner , Raghu Gatta , Haris Gavranovic , Michael Goulding , Deshan Govender , Flavio Griggio , Ruben Grigoryan , Sebastian Grijalva , Sergei Gronin , Jan Gukelberger , Jeongwan Haah , Marzie Hamdast , Esben Bork Hansen , Matthew Hastings , Sebastian Heedt , Samantha Ho , Justin Hogaboam , Laurens Holgaard , Kevin Van Hoogdalem , Jinnapat Indrapiromkul , Henrik Ingerslev , Lovro Ivancevic , Sarah Jablonski , Thomas Jensen , Jaspreet Jhoja , Jeffrey Jones , Kostya Kalashnikov , Ray Kallaher , Rachpon Kalra , Farhad Karimi , Torsten Karzig , Seth Kimes , Vadym Kliuchnikov , Maren Elisabeth Kloster , Christina Knapp , Derek Knee , Jonne Koski , Pasi Kostamo , Jamie Kuesel , Brad Lackey , Tom Laeven , Jeffrey Lai , Gijs de Lange , Thorvald Larsen , Jason Lee , Kyunghoon Lee , Grant Leum , Kongyi Li , Tyler Lindemann , Marijn Lucas , Roman Lutchyn , Morten Hannibal Madsen , Nash Madulid , Michael Manfra , Signe Brynold Markussen , Esteban Martinez , Marco Mattila , Jake Mattinson , Robert McNeil , Antonio Rodolph Mei , Ryan V. Mishmash , Gopakumar Mohandas , Christian Mollgaard , Michiel de Moor , Trevor Morgan , George Moussa , Anirudh Narla , Chetan Nayak , Jens Hedegaard Nielsen , William Hvidtfelt Padkær Nielsen , Frédéric Nolet , Mike Nystrom , Eoin O'Farrell , Keita Otani , Adam Paetznick , Camille Papon , Andres Paz , Karl Petersson , Luca Petit , Dima Pikulin , Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons , Sam Quinn , Mohana Rajpalke , Alejandro Alcaraz Ramirez , Katrine Rasmussen , David Razmadze , Ben Reichardt , Yuan Ren , Ken Reneris , Roy Riccomini , Ivan Sadovskyy , Lauri Sainiemi , Juan Carlos Estrada Saldaña , Irene Sanlorenzo , Simon Schaal , Emma Schmidgall , Cristina Sfiligoj , Marcus P. da Silva , Shilpi Singh , Sarat Sinha , Mathias Soeken , Patrick Sohr , Tomas Stankevic , Lieuwe Stek , Patrick Strøm-Hansen , Eric Stuppard , Aarthi Sundaram , Henri Suominen , Judith Suter , Satoshi Suzuki , Krysta Svore , Sam Teicher , Nivetha Thiyagarajah , Raj Tholapi , Mason Thomas , Dennis Tom , Emily Toomey , Josh Tracy , Matthias Troyer , Michelle Turley , Matthew D. Turner , Shivendra Upadhyay , Ivan Urban , Alexander Vaschillo , Dmitrii Viazmitinov , Dominik Vogel , Zhenghan Wang , John Watson , Alex Webster , Joseph Weston , Timothy Williamson , Georg W. Winkler , David J. van Woerkom , Brian Paquelet Wütz , Chung Kai Yang , Richard Yu , Emrah Yucelen , Jesús Herranz Zamorano , Roland Zeisel , Guoji Zheng , Justin Zilke , Andrew Zimmerman

Realizing topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes in the laboratory is one of the major goals in condensed matter physics. We review the current status of this rapidly-developing field, focusing on semiconductor-superconductor…

Superconductivity · Physics 2018-05-11 R. M. Lutchyn , E. P. A. M. Bakkers , L. P. Kouwenhoven , P. Krogstrup , C. M. Marcus , Y. Oreg

We propose and analyze a physical system capable of performing topological quantum computation with Majorana zero modes (MZM) in a one-dimensional topological superconductor (1DTS). One of the leading methods to realize quantum gates in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 Marek Narozniak , Matthieu Dartiailh , Jonathan P. Dowling , Javad Shabani , Tim Byrnes

Majorana bound states are quasiparticle excitations localized at the boundaries of a topologically nontrivial superconductor. They are zero-energy, charge-neutral, particle-hole symmetric, and spatially-separated end modes which are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Pasquale Marra

Topological quantum computation using non-Abelian Majorana zero modes localized in proximitized semiconductor nanowires requires careful electrostatic control of wire-junctions so as to manipulate and braid the zero modes enabling anyonic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-16 Tudor D. Stanescu , Sankar Das Sarma

We present a scalable architecture for fault-tolerant topological quantum computation using networks of voltage-controlled Majorana Cooper pair boxes, and topological color codes for error correction. Color codes have a set of transversal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-25 Daniel Litinski , Markus S. Kesselring , Jens Eisert , Felix von Oppen

Quantum spin Hall insulators with a pair of helical edge states and proximity-induced superconductivity have been shown to support second-order topological superconductors with Majorana corner modes. As the Majorana corner modes are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Zhiwei Yin , Haoshu Li , Zhongbo Yan , Shaolong Wan

The creation of topological quantum gates using Majorana zero modes -- an outstanding problem in the field of topological quantum computing -- relies on our ability to control the braiding process of these particles in time and space. Here,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Jasmin Bedow , Eric Mascot , Themba Hodge , Stephan Rachel , Dirk K. Morr

Projective measurements in random quantum circuits lead to a rich breadth of entanglement phases and extend the realm of non-unitary quantum dynamics. Here we explore the connection between measurement-only quantum circuits in one spatial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-20 Kai Klocke , Michael Buchhold

Universal quantum computation (UQC) using Majorana fermions on a 2D topological superconducting (TS) medium remains an outstanding open problem. This is because the quantum gate set that can be generated by braiding of the Majorana fermions…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-11-25 Jay D. Sau , Sumanta Tewari , S. Das Sarma

We introduce a scheme for preparation, manipulation, and readout of Majorana zero modes in semiconducting wires with mesoscopic superconducting islands. Our approach synthesizes recent advances in materials growth with tools commonly used…

We demonstrate that a combination of Majorana edge modes (MEMs) and Majorana zero modes (MZMs) located in the vortex cores of two-dimensional topological superconductors represent a new platform for the efficient implementation of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-15 Jasmin Bedow , Dirk K. Morr

We provide a current perspective on the rapidly developing field of Majorana zero modes in solid state systems. We emphasize the theoretical prediction, experimental realization, and potential use of Majorana zero modes in future…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-11-09 Sankar Das Sarma , Michael Freedman , Chetan Nayak

We theoretically study the effect of orbital-dependent exchange field in the formation of second order topological superconductors. We demonstrate that changing the orbital difference can induce topological transition and the Majorana…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-01-11 Bo Lu , Yiying Zhang

Quantum information protected by the topology of the storage medium is expected to exhibit long coherence times. Another feature are topologically protected gates generated through braiding of Majorana bound states. However, braiding…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-16 Stephan Plugge , Asbjørn Rasmussen , Reinhold Egger , Karsten Flensberg

The idea of topological quantum computation (TQC) is to store and manipulate quantum information in an intrinsically fault-tolerant manner by utilizing the physics of topologically ordered phases of matter. Currently, one of the most…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-09-25 Maissam Barkeshli , Jay D. Sau

Half-integer conductance, the signature of Majorana edge modes, has been recently observed in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator/superconductor heterostructure. Here, we analyze a scheme for gate-tunable control of degenerate ground states…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Nima Djavid , Gen Yin , Yafis Barlas , Roger Lake

Measurement schemes of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) based on quantum dots (QDs) are of current interest as they provide a scalable platform for topological quantum computation. In a coupled qubit-QD setup we calculate the dependence of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Aleksei Khindanov , Dmitry Pikulin , Torsten Karzig