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Humans can develop new theorems to explore broader and more complex mathematical results. While current generative language models (LMs) have achieved significant improvement in automatically proving theorems, their ability to generate new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xiaohan Lin , Qingxing Cao , Yinya Huang , Zhicheng Yang , Zhengying Liu , Zhenguo Li , Xiaodan Liang

Artificial intelligence assisted mathematical proof has become a highly focused area nowadays. One key problem in this field is to generate formal mathematical proofs from natural language proofs. Due to historical reasons, the formal proof…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Lihan Xie , Zhicheng Hui , Qinxiang Cao

Although most of the automated theorem-proving approaches depend on formal proof systems, informal theorem proving can align better with large language models' (LLMs) strength in natural language processing. In this work, we identify a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yunhe Li , Hao Shi , Bowen Deng , Wei Wang , Mengzhe Ruan , Hanxu Hou , Zhongxiang Dai , Siyang Gao , Chao Wang , Shuang Qiu , Linqi Song

The application of automatic theorem provers to discharge proof obligations is necessary to apply formal methods in an efficient manner. Tools supporting formal methods, such as Atelier~B, generate proof obligations fully automatically.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Lilian Burdy , David Déharbe , Étienne Prun

Recent advances in automated theorem proving use Large Language Models (LLMs) to translate informal mathematical statements into formal proofs. However, informal cues are often ambiguous or lack strict logical structure, making it hard for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shashank Kirtania , Arun Iyer

We present a prototype of an integrated reasoning environment for educational purposes. The presented tool is a fragment of a proof assistant and automated theorem prover. We describe the existing and planned functionality of the theorem…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Mario Frank , Christoph Kreitz

We significantly improve the performance of the E automated theorem prover on the Isabelle Sledgehammer problems by combining learning and theorem proving in several ways. In particular, we develop targeted versions of the ENIGMA guidance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Zarathustra A. Goertzel , Jan Jakubův , Cezary Kaliszyk , Miroslav Olšák , Jelle Piepenbrock , Josef Urban

Argument mining is natural language processing technology aimed at identifying arguments in text. Furthermore, the approach is being developed to identify the premises and claims of those arguments, and to identify the relationships between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Jonathan Ben-Naim , Victor David , Anthony Hunter

Epistemic logic programs (ELPs) are a popular generalization of standard Answer Set Programming (ASP) providing means for reasoning over answer sets within the language. This richer formalism comes at the price of higher computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Markus Hecher , Michael Morak , Stefan Woltran

Mathematical theorems are human knowledge able to be accumulated in the form of symbolic representation, and proving theorems has been considered intelligent behavior. Based on the BHK interpretation and the Curry-Howard isomorphism, proof…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Li-An Yang , Jui-Pin Liu , Chao-Hong Chen , Ying-ping Chen

Abella is an interactive system for reasoning about aspects of object languages that have been formally presented through recursive rules based on syntactic structure. Abella utilizes a two-level logic approach to specification and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Andrew Gacek

We formulate learning guided Automated Theorem Proving as Partial Label Learning, building the first bridge across these fields of research and providing a theoretical framework for dealing with alternative proofs during learning. We use…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zsolt Zombori , Balázs Indruck

Conjecturing and theorem proving are activities at the center of mathematical practice and are difficult to separate. In this paper, we propose a framework for completing incomplete conjectures and incomplete proofs. The framework can turn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Salwa Tabet Gonzalez , Predrag Janičić , Julien Narboux

We consider the task of automated theorem proving, a key AI task. Deep learning has shown promise for training theorem provers, but there are limited human-written theorems and proofs available for supervised learning. To address this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Mingzhe Wang , Jia Deng

We take two key steps in automating the open-ended discovery of new mathematical theories, a grand challenge in artificial intelligence. First, we introduce $\emph{FERMAT}$, a reinforcement learning (RL) environment that models concept…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 George Tsoukalas , Rahul Saha , Amitayush Thakur , Sabrina Reguyal , Swarat Chaudhuri

In logical reasoning, it is often the case that only some of a collection of assumptions are needed to reach a conclusion. A strengthening lemma is an assertion that a given conclusion is independent in this sense of a particular…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Dawn Michaelson

Real number calculations on elementary functions are remarkably difficult to handle in mechanical proofs. In this paper, we show how these calculations can be performed within a theorem prover or proof assistant in a convenient and highly…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2007-08-29 Marc Daumas , David Lester , César Muñoz

Automated fact-checking has been a challenging task for the research community. Prior work has explored various strategies, such as end-to-end training, retrieval-augmented generation, and prompt engineering, to build robust fact-checking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Gaurav Kumar , Ayush Garg , Debajyoti Mazumder , Aditya Kishore , Babu kumar , Jasabanta Patro

This work discusses an approach to teach to mathematicians the importance and effectiveness of the application of Interactive Theorem Proving tools in their specific fields of interest. The approach aims to motivate the use of such tools…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Mauricio Ayala-Rincón , Thaynara Arielly de Lima

Theorem proving serves as a major testbed for evaluating complex reasoning abilities in large language models (LLMs). However, traditional automated theorem proving (ATP) approaches rely heavily on formal proof systems that poorly align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ziyin Zhang , Jiahao Xu , Zhiwei He , Tian Liang , Qiuzhi Liu , Yansi Li , Linfeng Song , Zhenwen Liang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu
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