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Spin-orbit torque facilitates efficient magnetization switching via an in-plane current in perpendicularly magnetized heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures. The efficiency of spin-orbit-torque-induced switching is determined by the…

A key challenge in antiferromagnetic spintronics is the control of spin configuration on nanometer scales applicable to solid-state technologies. Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is a multiferroic material that exhibits both ferroelectricity and…

Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) Magnetic Random-Access Memory (MRAM) devices offer improved power efficiency, nonvolatility, and performance compared to static RAM, making them ideal, for instance, for cache memory applications. Efficient…

Transition metal molybdenum oxides A2Mo3O8 (A= Mn, Fe, Co) are known to be polar magnets where A ions are located in either octahedrally or tetrahedrally coordinated sites. In this paper we predict that their polarizations can be reversed…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-18 Yaxin Gao , Sha Li , Menghao Wu

Artificial modulation of a neuronal subset through ion channels activation can initiate firing patterns of an entire neural circuit in vivo. As nanovalves in the cell membrane, voltage-gated ion channels can be artificially controlled by…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-10-08 Kai Wu , Diqing Su , Renata Saha , Jian-Ping Wang

Spin-orbit torques (SOT) allow the electrical control of magnetic states. Current-induced SOT switching of the perpendicular magnetization is of particular technological importance. The SOT consists of damping-like and field-like torques so…

The effect of polarization rotation on the performance of metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors was investigated with a Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory based model. In this analytical model, depolarization field, polarization…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-07-06 Yubo Qi , Andrew M. Rappe

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) has emerged as a promising method for achieving energy-efficient magnetisation switching in advanced spintronic devices. Over the past two decades, researchers have primarily focused on enhancing spin…

High spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated by topological materials and heavy metals interfaced with a ferromagnetic layer show promise for next generation magnetic memory and logic devices. SOTs generated from the in-plane spin polarization…

Demonstration of ultra-low energy switching mechanisms is an imperative for continued improvements in computing devices. Ferroelectric (FE) and multiferroic (MF) orders and their manipulation promises an ideal combination of state variables…

We present a detailed study of the structural, electronic, magnetic and ferroelectric properties of prototypical \textit{proper} and \textit{improper} multiferroic (MF) systems such as BiFeO$_{3}$ and orthorhombic HoMnO$_{3}$, respectively,…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-03-15 A. Stroppa , S. Picozzi

Using type-x spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching scheme, in which the easy axis (EA) of the ferromagnetic (FM) layer and the charge current flow direction are collinear, is possible to realize a lower-power-consumption, higher-density, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Yan-Ting Liu , Chao-Chung Huang , Kuan-Hao Chen , Yu-Hao Huang , Chia-Chin Tsai , Ting-Yu Chang , Chi-Feng Pai

Planar current-induced magnetization switching (CIMS) driven by spin-orbit torque (SOT) requires an in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (UMA), which can be induced by oblique-angle sputter deposition of the heavy-metal underlayer in…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-07 Amir Khan , Shalini Sharma , Tiago de Oliveira Schneider , Markus Meinert

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) driven by spin-transfer torque (STT) is a major contender for future memory applications. The energy dissipation involved in writing remains problematic, even with the advent of more efficient…

In this article we analyze by modeling two possible mechanisms for magnetization switching using spin orbit torques, which have been reported to cause field-free deterministic switching in experiments. Here we compare the field-free…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 F. Garcia-Sanchez , G. Soares , M. Pasquale

Organic spintronic devices have been appealing because of the long spin life time of the charge carriers in the organic materials and their low cost, flexibility and chemical diversity. In previous studies, the control of resistance of…

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetoresistance (MR) devices have attracted attention for use in next-generation MR devices. The SOT devices are known to exhibit different write properties based on the relative angle between the magnetization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-11 Yohei Shiokawa , Eiji Komura , Yugo Ishitani , Atsushi Tsumita , Keita Suda , Kosuke Hamanaka , Tomohiro Taniguchi , Tomoyuki Sasaki

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) enables efficient electrical control of magnetization, offering a pathway towards low-power spintronic devices. Magnetic topological insulators (TIs), with spin-momentum-locked surface states and intrinsic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Ling-Jie Zhou , Deyi Zhuo , Han Tay , Zi-Jie Yan , Pu Xiao , Xiaoda Liu , Bomin Zhang , Cui-Zu Chang

Efficient generation of spin currents from charge currents is of high importance for memory and logic applications of spintronics. In particular, generation of spin currents from charge currents in high spin-orbit coupling metals has the…

Spin orbit torque (SOT) has become a promising approach to efficiently manipulate the magnetization switching in spintronic devices. As a main factor to impact the device performance, the high quality interface is essentially desired, which…