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We define typical forcings encompassing many informal forcing arguments in bounded arithmetic and give general conditions for such forcings to produce models of the universal variant of relativized $T^1_2$. We apply this result to study the…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-12-17 Moritz Müller

Cohen's first model is a model of Zermelo--Fraenkel set theory in which there is a Dedekind-finite set of real numbers, and it is perhaps the most famous model where the Axiom of Choice fails. We force over this model to add a function from…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Asaf Karagila , Philipp Schlicht

We show that for a Suslin ccc forcing notion $\mathbb Q$ adding a Hechler real, ``$\text{ZF}+\text{DC}_{\omega_1}+$all sets of reals are $I_{\mathbb Q,\aleph_0}$-measurable'' implies the existence of an inner model with a measurable…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-01-03 Mohammad Golshani , Haim Horowitz , Saharon Shelah

World models for environments with many objects face a combinatorial explosion of states: as the number of objects increases, the number of possible arrangements grows exponentially. In this paper, we learn to generalize over robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Ondrej Biza , Thomas Kipf , David Klee , Robert Platt , Jan-Willem van de Meent , Lawson L. S. Wong

A set $G \subseteq \omega$ is $n$-generic for a positive integer $n$ if and only if every $\Sigma^0_n$ formula of $G$ is decided by a finite initial segment of $G$ in the sense of Cohen forcing. It is shown here that every $n$-generic set…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-01-11 Wei Wang

Multi-class systems having possibly both finite and infinite classes are investigated under a natural partial exchangeability assumption. It is proved that the conditional law of such a system, given the vector of the empirical measures of…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-02-04 Carl Graham

These notes present a compact and self-contained approach to iterated forcing with a particular emphasis on semiproper forcing. We tried to make our presentation accessible to any scholar who has some familiarity with forcing and boolean…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-02-10 Matteo Viale , Giorgio Audrito , Silvia Steila

We study variants of classical Laver forcing defined from co-ideals and analyze their combinatorial properties in terms of the Kat\v{e}tov order. In particular, we give a Kat\v{e}tov-theoretic characterization of when Laver forcing…

We give an almost entirely model-theoretic account of both Ramsey classes of finite structures and of generalized indiscernibles as studied in special cases in (for example) [7], [9]. We understand "theories of indiscernibles" to be special…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-10-30 Cameron Donnay Hill

We prove that the theory of the models constructible using finitely many cofinality quantifiers - $C_{\lambda_{1},...,\lambda_{n}}^{*}$ and $C_{<\lambda_{1},...,<\lambda_{n}}^{*}$ for $\lambda_{1},...,\lambda_{n}$ regular cardinals - is…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Ur Ya'ar

The oracle c.c.c. is closely related to Cohen forcing. During an iteration we can ``omit a type''; i.e. preserve ``the intersection of a given family of Borel sets of reals is empty'' provided that Cohen forcing satisfies it. We generalize…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Saharon Shelah

We build a supercompact version of the forcing defined in \cite{gitik2019}. For each singular cardinal in the ground model with any fixed cofinality, which is a limit of supercompact cardinals, it is possible to force so that the size of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Sittinon Jirattikansakul

Artificial intelligence, particularly through recent advancements in deep learning, has achieved exceptional performances in many tasks in fields such as natural language processing and computer vision. In addition to desirable evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Sean Xie , Soroush Vosoughi , Saeed Hassanpour

Using an invariant modification of Jensen's "minimal $\varPi^1_2$ singleton" forcing, we define a model of ZFC, in which, for a given $n\ge2$, there exists a lightface $\varPi^1_n$ unordered pair of non-OD (hence, OD-indiscernible)…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Vladimir Kanovei , Vassily Lyubetsky

We develop a general framework for forcing with coherent adequate sets on $H(\lambda)$ as side conditions, where $\lambda \ge \omega_2$ is a cardinal of uncountable cofinality. We describe a class of forcing posets which we call coherent…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-06-13 John Krueger , Miguel Angel Mota

In light of the celebrated theorem of Vop\v{e}nka (1972), proving in ZFC that every set is generic over HOD, it is natural to inquire whether the set-theoretic universe $V$ must be a class-forcing extension of HOD by some possibly…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-09-25 Joel David Hamkins , Jonas Reitz

I introduce a new family of axioms extending ZFC set theory, the $\Sigma_n$-correct forcing axioms. These assert roughly that whenever a forcing name $\dot{a}$ can be forced by a poset in some forcing class $\Gamma$ to have some $\Sigma_n$…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-17 Ben Goodman

The proof of the relative consistency of the axiom of choice has been mechanized using Isabelle/ZF. The proof builds upon a previous mechanization of the reflection theorem. The heavy reliance on metatheory in the original proof makes the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Lawrence C. Paulson

Counterfactual instances are a powerful tool to obtain valuable insights into automated decision processes, describing the necessary minimal changes in the input space to alter the prediction towards a desired target. Most previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Robert-Florian Samoilescu , Arnaud Van Looveren , Janis Klaise

We observe that the notion of two sets being equal up to finitely many elements is a homotopy equivalence relation in a model category, and suggest a homotopy-invariant variant of Generalised Continuum Hypothesis about which more can be…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2010-06-25 Misha Gavrilovich