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We study a system of random walks, known as the frog model, starting from a profile of independent Poisson($\lambda$) particles per site, with one additional active particle planted at some vertex $\mathbf{o}$ of a finite connected simple…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Itai Benjamini , Luiz Renato Fontes , Jonathan Hermon , Fabio Prates Machado

The frog model is an interacting particle system on a graph. Active particles perform independent simple random walks, while sleeping particles remain inert until visited by an active particle. Some number of sleeping particles are placed…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Tobias Johnson , Leonardo T. Rolla

The frog model is a system of interacting random walks. Initially, there is one particle at each vertex of a connected graph $\mathcal{G}$. All particles are inactive at time zero, except for the one which is placed at the root of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-12 Gustavo O. de Carvalho , Fábio P. Machado

We study a system of simple random walks on graphs, known as frog model. This model can be described as follows: There are active and sleeping particles living on some graph G. Each active particle performs a simple random walk with…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-05 O. S. M. Alves , F. P. Machado , S. Yu. Popov

The frog model is a system of random walks where active particles set sleeping particles in motion. On the complete graph with n vertices it is equivalent to a well-understood rumor spreading model. We given an alternate and elementary…

The frog model is an infection process in which dormant particles begin moving and infecting others once they become infected. We show that on the rooted $d$-ary tree with particle density $\Omega(d^2)$, the set of visited sites contains a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-18 Christopher Hoffman , Tobias Johnson , Matthew Junge

The frog model starts with one active particle at the root of a graph and some number of dormant particles at all nonroot vertices. Active particles follow independent random paths, waking all inactive particles they encounter. We prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Tobias Johnson , Matthew Junge

We study a system of simple random walks on $\mathcal{T}_{d,n} = \mathcal{V}_{d,n}, \mathcal{E}_{d,n})$, the $d$-ary tree of depth $n$, known as the frog model. Initially there are Pois($\lambda$) particles at each site, independently, with…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-27 Jonathan Hermon

We consider the so-called frog model with random initial configurations. The dynamics of this model is described as follows: Some particles are randomly assigned on any site of the multidimensional cubic lattice. Initially, only particles…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Naoki Kubota

The frog model is a branching random walk on a graph in which particles branch only at unvisited sites. Consider an initial particle density of $\mu$ on the full $d$-ary tree of height $n$. If $\mu= \Omega( d^2)$, all of the vertices are…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-04 Christopher Hoffman , Tobias Johnson , Matthew Junge

We prove a shape theorem for a growing set of simple random walks on Z^d, known as frog model. The dynamics of this process is described as follows: There are active particles, which perform independent discrete time SRWs, and sleeping…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 O. S. M. Alves , F. P. Machado , S. Yu. Popov , K. Ravishankar

We study the frog model on \( \mathbb{Z} \) with geometric lifetimes, introducing a random survival parameter. Active and inactive particles are placed at the vertices of \( \mathbb{Z} \). The lifetime of each active particle follows a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Gustavo O. de Carvalho , Fábio P. Machado

In this work we prove a shape theorem for a growing set of Simple Random Walks (SRWs), known as frog model. The dynamics of this process is described as follows: There are some active particles, which perform independent SRWs, and sleeping…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 O. S. M. Alves , S. Yu. Popov , F. P. Machado

We consider a slight modification of the frog model. For a given graph, each vertex has $\mathrm{Poisson}(\lambda)$ particles (or frogs). At time zero, only the particles at the origin are active, and all the other particles are sleeping.…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Omer Angel , Daniel de la Riva , Jonathan Hermon , Yuliang Shi

We consider the interacting particle system on the homogeneous tree of degree $(d + 1)$, known as frog model. In this model, active particles perform independent random walks, awakening all sleeping particles they encounter, and dying after…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Elcio Lebensztayn , Jaime Utria

Consider a stochastic growth model on $\mathbb{Z} ^d$. Start with some active particle at the origin and sleeping particles elsewhere. The initial number of particles at $x \in \mathbb{Z} ^d$ is $\eta(x)$, where $\eta (x)$ are independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-03 Viktor Bezborodov , Tyll Krueger

We examine an interacting particle system on trees commonly referred to as the frog model. For its initial state, it begins with a single active particle at the root and i.i.d. $\mathrm{Poiss}(\lambda)$ many inactive particles at each…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Marcus Michelen , Josh Rosenberg

The frog model with a Bernoulli initial configuration is an interacting particle system on the $d$-dimensional lattice ($d \geq 2$) with two types of particles: active and sleeping. Active particles perform independent simple random walks.…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Ryoki Fukushima , Naoki Kubota

We consider the frog model with Bernoulli initial configuration, which is an interacting particle system on the multidimensional lattice consisting of two states of particles: active and sleeping. Active particles perform independent simple…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-01 Van Hao Can , Naoki Kubota , Shuta Nakajima

We consider a system of interacting random walks known as the frog model. Let $\mathcal{K}_n=(\mathcal{V}_n,\mathcal{E}_n)$ be the complete graph with $n$ vertices and $o\in\mathcal{V}_n$ be a special vertex called the root. Initially,…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Gustavo O. de Carvalho , Fábio P. Machado
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