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While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Zifei Wang , Zian Mao , Xiaoya He , Xi Huang , Haoran Zhang , Chun Cheng , Shufen Chu , Tingzheng Hou , Xiaoqin Zeng , Yujun Xie

Quantitative interpretation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data of crystalline specimens often requires the accurate knowledge of the local crystal orientation. A method is presented which exploits momentum-resolved scanning TEM…

Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) with a functionalized tip apex reveals the geometric and electronic structure of a sample within the same experiment. However, the complex nature of the signal makes images difficult to interpret and has…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-12-18 Lauri Kurki , Niko Oinonen , Adam S. Foster

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is carried out in vacuum to minimize the interaction of the imaging electrons with gas molecules while passing through the microscope column. Nevertheless, in typical devices, the pressure remains at…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-01-25 Gregor T. Leuthner , Stefan Hummel , Clemens Mangler , Timothy J. Pennycook , Toma Susi , Jannik C. Meyer , Jani Kotakoski

A suite of acquisition applications related to the 4D-STEM technique is presented as a software package written within the Digital Micrograph environment, which is a widely used software platform in worldwide electron microscopy…

Heterogeneous gas and solid catalyst reactions occur at the atomic level, and understanding and controlling complex catalytic reactions at this level is crucial for the development of improved processes and materials. There are postulations…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-05-19 Edward Boyes , Pratibha Gai

We demonstrate experimentally quantum-inspired, spectral-domain intensity optical coherence tomography. We show that the technique allows for both axial resolution improvement and dispersion cancellation compared to conventional optical…

Optics · Physics 2015-03-16 Piotr Ryczkowski , Jari Turunen , Ari T. Friberg , Goëry Genty

Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) is a dual-energy mammographic imaging technique that first needs intravenously administration of an iodinated contrast medium; then, it collects both a low-energy image, comparable to standard…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Aurora Rofena , Valerio Guarrasi , Marina Sarli , Claudia Lucia Piccolo , Matteo Sammarra , Bruno Beomonte Zobel , Paolo Soda

Quantifying the number of molecules from fluorescence microscopy measurements is an important topic in cell biology and medical research. In this work, we present a consecutive algorithm for super-resolution (STED) scanning microscopy that…

Applications · Statistics 2023-10-03 Katharina Proksch , Frank Werner , Jan Keller-Findeisen , Haisen Ta , Axel Munk

A key feature of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is its ability to manipulate how the intrinsic tissue parameters of the anatomy ultimately contribute to the contrast properties of the final, acquired image. This flexibility, however, can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Dzung L. Pham , Snehashis Roy

The use of fast pixelated detectors and direct electron detection technology is revolutionising many aspects of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The widespread adoption of these new technologies is impeded by the technical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-08-06 Magnus Nord , Robert W. H. Webster , Kirsty A. Paton , Stephen McVitie , Damien McGrouther , Ian MacLaren , Gary W. Paterson

The integration of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful and innovative tool for discerning spin excitations and spin-spin interactions within atoms and molecules…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Lyuzhou Ye , Xiao Zheng , Xin Xu

High resolution Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) imaging with functionalized tips is well established, but a detailed understanding of the imaging mechanism is still missing. We present a numerical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-08-27 Prokop Hapala , Georgy Kichin , Christian Wagner , F. Stefan Tautz , Ruslan Temirov , Pavel Jelinek

We present a novel approach for extracting 3D atomic-level information from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images affected by significant noise. The approach is based on formulating depth estimation as a semantic segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Matan Leibovich , Mai Tan , Ramon Manzorro , Adria Marcos-Morales , Sreyas Mohan , Peter A. Crozier , Carlos Fernandez-Granda

Mitochondria segmentation in electron microscopy images is essential in neuroscience. However, due to the image degradation during the imaging process, the large variety of mitochondrial structures, as well as the presence of noise,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Zhili Li , Xuejin Chen , Jie Zhao , Zhiwei Xiong

In a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), producing a high-resolution image generally requires an electron beam focused to the smallest point possible. However, the magnetic lenses used to focus the beam are unavoidably…

We present a novel method for image anomaly detection, where algorithms that use samples drawn from some distribution of "normal" data, aim to detect out-of-distribution (abnormal) samples. Our approach includes a combination of encoder and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Nina Tuluptceva , Bart Bakker , Irina Fedulova , Anton Konushin

In many materials systems, such as catalytic nanoparticles, the ability to characterize dynamic atomic structural changes is important for developing a more fundamental understanding of functionality. Recent developments in direct electron…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-31 Barnaby D. A. Levin , Ethan L. Lawrence , Peter A. Crozier

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) coupled with Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) presents a powerful platform for detailed material characterization via rich imaging and spectroscopic data. Modern electron microscopes…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-06-18 Utkarsh Pratiush , Austin Houston , Sergei V Kalinin , Gerd Duscher

4D-STEM, in which the 2D diffraction plane is captured for each 2D scan position in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a pixelated detector, is complementing and increasingly replacing existing imaging approaches.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-07-27 Colum M. O'Leary , Benedikt Haas , Christoph T. Koch , Peter D. Nellist , Lewys Jones