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Related papers: On Robustness of Individualized Decision Rules

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Individualized treatment rules, cornerstones of precision medicine, inform patient treatment decisions with the goal of optimizing patient outcomes. These rules are generally unknown functions of patients' pre-treatment covariates, meaning…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-23 Philippe Boileau , Ning Leng , Sandrine Dudoit

Personalized medicine seeks to identify the causal effect of treatment for a particular patient as opposed to a clinical population at large. Most investigators estimate such personalized treatment effects by regressing the outcome of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-02 Eric V. Strobl , Shyam Visweswaran

Individualized treatment recommendation (ITR) is an important analytic framework for precision medicine. The goal is to assign proper treatments to patients based on their individual characteristics. From the machine learning perspective,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-07 Haomiao Meng , Ying-Qi Zhao , Haoda Fu , Xingye Qiao

Although there is now a large literature on policy evaluation and learning, much of the prior work assumes that the treatment assignment of one unit does not affect the outcome of another unit. Unfortunately, ignoring interference can lead…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-02 Yi Zhang , Kosuke Imai

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) for linear systems seeks a cost function whose optimal controller reproduces an expert policy from data. Existing data-driven methods for discrete-time linear systems are largely built on iterative…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Duc Cuong Nguyen , Phuong Nam Dao

The effects of treatments are often heterogeneous, depending on the observable characteristics, and it is necessary to exploit such heterogeneity to devise individualized treatment rules (ITRs). Existing estimation methods of such ITRs…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-08-09 Daido Kido

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) for treatment recommendation is an important topic for precision medicine as not all beneficial treatments work well for all individuals. Interpretability is a desirable property of ITRs, as it helps…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-06 Jacob M. Maronge , Jared D. Huling , Guanhua Chen

We derive bounds on the sample complexity of empirical risk minimization (ERM) in the context of minimizing non-convex risks that admit the strict saddle property. Recent progress in non-convex optimization has yielded efficient algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Alon Gonen , Shai Shalev-Shwartz

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTR) are a statistical paradigm in precision medicine which aim to optimize patient outcomes by individualizing treatments. At its simplest, a DTR may require only a single decision to be made; this special case…

Applications · Statistics 2021-09-06 Larry Dong , Erica E. M. Moodie , Laura Villain , Rodolphe Thiébaut

The individualized treatment rule (ITR), which recommends an optimal treatment based on individual characteristics, has drawn considerable interest from many areas such as precision medicine, personalized education, and personalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-28 Qi Xu , Haoda Fu , Annie Qu

In many decision-making problems, the primary outcome is expensive, time-consuming, or difficult to observe, so individualized treatment rules (ITRs) may be instead learned from surrogate endpoints. However, a surrogate that is highly…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-13 Zeyu Xu , Xiaojie Mao , Hao Mei , Yue Liu

Individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) aim to improve clinical outcomes by assigning treatment based on patient-specific characteristics. However, existing methods often struggle with high-dimensional covariates, limiting accuracy,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-13 Sungtaek Son , Eardi Lila , Kwun Chuen Gary Chan

Real-world data (RWD) gains growing interests to provide a representative sample of the population for selecting the optimal treatment options. However, existing complex black box methods for estimating individualized treatment rules (ITR)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Yunshu Zhang , Shu Yang , Wendy Ye , Ilya Lipkovich , Douglas E. Faries

A core component of precision medicine research involves optimizing individualized treatment rules (ITRs) based on patient characteristics. Many studies used to estimate ITRs are longitudinal in nature, collecting outcomes over time. Yet,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-29 Lanqiu Yao , Thaddeus Tarpey

Individualized treatment rules (ITR) can improve health outcomes by recognizing that patients may respond differently to treatment and assigning therapy with the most desirable predicted outcome for each individual. Flexible and efficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-25 Brent R. Logan , Rodney Sparapani , Robert E. McCulloch , Purushottam W. Laud

Learning individualized treatment rules (ITRs) is an important topic in precision medicine. Current literature mainly focuses on deriving ITRs from a single source population. We consider the observational data setting when the source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-04 Rui Chen , Jared D. Huling , Guanhua Chen , Menggang Yu

A common concern when a policymaker draws causal inferences from and makes decisions based on observational data is that the measured covariates are insufficiently rich to account for all sources of confounding, i.e., the standard no…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-25 Tao Shen , Yifan Cui

In robust decision-making under non-Bayesian uncertainty, different robust optimization criteria, such as maximin performance, minimax regret, and maximin ratio, have been proposed. In many problems, all three criteria are well-motivated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Jerry Anunrojwong , Santiago R. Balseiro , Omar Besbes

Individualized treatment rules/recommendations (ITRs) aim to improve patient outcomes by tailoring treatments to the characteristics of each individual. However, when there are many treatment groups, existing methods face significant…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-27 Ke Zhu , Jianing Chu , Ilya Lipkovich , Wenyu Ye , Shu Yang

When an optimal treatment regime (OTR) is considered, we need to evaluate the OTR in a valid and efficient way. The classical inference applied to the mean outcome under OTR, assuming the OTR is the same as the estimated OTR, might be…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-21 Shuoxun Xu , Xinzhou Guo