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We explore the expression of personality and adaptivity through the gestures of virtual agents in a storytelling task. We conduct two experiments using four different dialogic stories. We manipulate agent personality on the extraversion…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-06 Zhichao Hu , Marilyn A. Walker , Michael Neff , Jean E. Fox Tree

Negotiation is a complex social interaction that encapsulates emotional encounters in human decision-making. Virtual agents that can negotiate with humans are useful in pedagogy and conversational AI. To advance the development of such…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Kushal Chawla , Rene Clever , Jaysa Ramirez , Gale Lucas , Jonathan Gratch

We propose using validated behavioral hypotheses as a lens for evaluating human-likeness in LLM-based agents. Our key idea is simple: If an agent is human-like, a population of such agents should reach the same inferential conclusion as the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xuan Liu , HaoYang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Yuanjun Feng , Guankai Zhai , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Recently, large language models have facilitated the emergence of highly intelligent conversational AI capable of engaging in human-like dialogues. However, a notable distinction lies in the fact that these AI models predominantly generate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jijie Zhou , Yuhan Hu

Agent-based modelling is a powerful tool when simulating human systems, yet when human behaviour cannot be described by simple rules or maximising one's own profit, we quickly reach the limits of this methodology. Machine learning has the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Georg Jäger , Daniel Reisinger

Voice assistants are increasingly prevalent, from personal devices to team environments. This study explores how voice type and contribution quality influence human-agent team performance and perceptions of anthropomorphism, animacy,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Samuel Westby , Richard J. Radke , Christoph Riedl , Brooke Foucault Welles

Using agent-based modeling approach, in this paper, we study self-organized dynamics of interacting agents in the presence of chat Bots. Different Bots with tunable ``human-like'' attributes, which exchange emotional messages with agents,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-15 Bosiljka Tadic , Milovan Suvakov

Online information ecosystems are now central to our everyday social interactions. Of the many opportunities and challenges this presents, the capacity for artificial agents to shape individual and collective human decision-making in such…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-07 Theodor Cimpeanu , Alexander J. Stewart

With the increased adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in industry and society, effective human-AI interaction systems are becoming increasingly important. A central challenge in the interaction of humans with AI is the estimation of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Philipp Spitzer , Joshua Holstein , Michael Vössing , Niklas Kühl

Despite the growing interest in collaborative AI, designing systems that seamlessly integrate human input remains a major challenge. In this study, we developed a task to systematically examine human preferences for collaborative agents. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Lukas William Mayer , Sheer Karny , Jackie Ayoub , Miao Song , Danyang Tian , Ehsan Moradi-Pari , Mark Steyvers

Recent research on human robot interaction explored whether people's tendency to conform to others extends to artificial agents (Hertz & Wiese, 2016). However, little is known about to what extent perception of a robot as having a mind…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Deniz Lefkeli , Baris Akgun , Sahibzada Omar , Aansa Malik , Zeynep Gurhan Canli , Terry Eskenazi

Interaction and cooperation with humans are overarching aspirations of artificial intelligence (AI) research. Recent studies demonstrate that AI agents trained with deep reinforcement learning are capable of collaborating with humans. These…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Kevin R. McKee , Xuechunzi Bai , Susan T. Fiske

Despite rapid technological progress, effective human-machine cooperation remains a significant challenge. Humans tend to cooperate less with machines than with fellow humans, a phenomenon known as the machine penalty. Here, we show that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhen Wang , Ruiqi Song , Chen Shen , Shiya Yin , Zhao Song , Balaraju Battu , Lei Shi , Danyang Jia , Talal Rahwan , Shuyue Hu

One way to improve the relationship between humans and anthropomorphic agents is to have humans empathize with the agents. In this study, we focused on a task between agents and humans. We experimentally investigated hypotheses stating that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Takahiro Tsumura , Seiji Yamada

When engaging in conversations, dialogue agents in a virtual simulation environment may exhibit their own emotional states that are unrelated to the immediate conversational context, a phenomenon known as self-emotion. This study explores…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Qiang Zhang , Jason Naradowsky , Yusuke Miyao

AI design characteristics and human personality traits each impact the quality and outcomes of human-AI interactions. However, their relative and joint impacts are underexplored in imperfectly cooperative scenarios, where people and AI only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Myke C. Cohen , Mingqian Zheng , Neel Bhandari , Hsien-Te Kao , Xuhui Zhou , Daniel Nguyen , Laura Cassani , Maarten Sap , Svitlana Volkova

This paper presents a study of the dynamic coupling between a user and a virtual character during body interaction. Coupling is directly linked with other dimensions, such as co-presence, engagement, and believability, and was measured in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-09-22 Elisabetta Bevacqua , Sankovic Igor , Maatalaoui Ayoub , A. Nédélec , Pierre De Loor

As AI closely interacts with human society, it is crucial to ensure that its behavior is safe, altruistic, and aligned with human ethical and moral values. However, existing research on embedding ethical considerations into AI remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Feifei Zhao , Hui Feng , Haibo Tong , Zhengqiang Han , Erliang Lin , Enmeng Lu , Yinqian Sun , Yi Zeng

In order to create effective storytelling agents three fundamental questions must be answered: first, is a physically embodied agent preferable to a virtual agent or a voice-only narration? Second, does a human voice have an advantage over…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Sandra Costa , Alberto Brunete , Byung-Chull Bae , Nikolaos Mavridis

Conversational agents are increasingly expected to adapt across contexts and evolve their personalities through interactions, yet most remain static once configured. We present an exploratory study of how user expectations form and evolve…